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土耳其有关进口番茄、辣椒和南瓜种子的紧急植物检疫措施

花匠小妙招
2024-09-14 10:45

通报成员: 土耳其

负责机构: 农业与林业部/食品管理总局

覆盖的产品： 番茄种子（Solanum lycopersicum）、辣椒种子（Capsicum annuum）、南瓜种子（Cucurbita pepo）

可能受影响的地区或国家：
[X] 所有贸易伙伴
[ ] 特定地区或国家：

通报标题： 有关进口番茄、辣椒和南瓜种子的紧急植物检疫措施。
语言：
页数：
链接网址：

内容简述： 农业与林业部正在修改土耳其从各国进口番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）、辣椒（Capsicum spp.）和南瓜种子（Cucurbita pepo）的相关要求。
新德里番茄曲叶病毒（ToLCNDV）是一种对在土耳其栽培的很多葫芦科和茄科物种有害的病毒。据了解，土耳其不存在拥有大量寄主的病原体。由于这种情况在周边一些国家发生且寄主范围较广，给土耳带来巨大风险。
番茄斑驳花叶病毒（TomMV）是一种危害番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）和辣椒（Capsicum annuum）等各种茄科产品的病毒，这种病毒可通过种子传播。由于它属于烟草花叶病毒组，所以有可能通过种子传播。
番茄束顶矮化类病毒（TASvd）的主要宿主实际上是茄科番茄（Solanum lycopersicum），但这种病原体还被发现存在于辣椒（Capsicum annuum）中。
金鱼花潜隐类病毒（CLVd）对各种茄科物种（尤其是番茄）均有害。
辣椒小果类病毒（PCFVd）对各种茄科物种（尤其是辣椒和番茄）均有害。
番茄褪禄矮缩类病毒（TCDVd）的主要寄主是茄科番茄（Solanum lycopersicum），这种病原体还被发现存在于一些观赏植物中。类病毒使土耳其面临巨大风险。
考虑到这些病原体在世界范围内传播，为了防止其通过种子进入土耳其及在土耳其生产地传播：
对于自2021年9月15日起自各国进口的番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）种子，将要求在植物检疫证书上附加声明，指出：
其来自尚未发现存在番茄斑驳花叶病毒（TomMV）、番茄束顶矮化类病毒（TASvd）、金鱼花潜隐类病毒（CLVd）、辣椒小果类病毒（PCFVd）、番茄褪禄矮缩类病毒（TCDVd）的国家，或已知存在番茄斑驳花叶病毒（TomMV）、番茄束顶矮化类病毒（TASvd）、金鱼花潜隐类病毒（CLVd）、辣椒小果类病毒（PCFVd）、番茄褪禄矮缩类病毒（TCDVd）的地区：
2.a. 这些种子来自已知不存在上述病毒的生产地；
2.b. 生产地名称；以及
2.c. 出口国已通过RT-PCR法分析了这些种子是否携带ToMMV、TASVd、CLVd、PCFVd和TCDVd以及本产品是否含有这些病原体。
对于自2021年9月15日起从各国进口的辣椒（Capsicum annuum）种子，将要求在植物检疫证书上附加声明，指出：
其来自尚未发现存在番茄斑驳花叶病毒（TomMV）、番茄束顶矮化类病毒（TASvd）、辣椒小果类病毒（PCFVd）的国家，或来自已知存在茄斑驳花叶病毒（ToMMV）、番茄束顶矮化类病毒（TASVd）、辣椒小果类病毒（PCFVd）的地区：
2.a. 这些种子来自已知不存在上述病毒的生产地；
2.b. 生产地名称；以及
2.c. 出口国已通过RT-PCR法分析了这些种子是否携带ToMMV、TASVd和PCFVd以及本产品是否含有这些病原体。
对于自2021年9月15日起从各国进口的南瓜（Cucurbita pepo）种子，将要求在植物检疫证书上附加声明，指出：
其来自尚未发现存在新德里番茄曲叶病毒（ToLCNDV）的国家，或来自已知存在新德里番茄曲叶病毒（ToLCNDV）的地区：
2.a. 这些种子来自已知不存在上述病毒的生产地；
2.b. 生产地名称；以及
2.c. 出口国已通过RT-PCR法分析了这些种子是否携带ToLCNDV以及本产品是否含有这些病原体。.

目标与理由:
[ ] 食品安全
[ ] 动物健康
[X] 植物保护
[X] 保护国家免受有害生物的其它危害
[ ] 保护人类免受动/植物有害生物的危害
保护国家免受有害生物的其它危害:

紧急事件的性质及采取紧急措施的理由： 考虑到新德里番茄曲叶病毒（ToLCNDV）、番茄斑驳花叶病毒（TomMV）、番茄束顶矮化类病毒（TASvd）、金鱼花潜隐类病毒（CLVd）、辣椒小果类病毒（PCFVd）和番茄褪禄矮缩类病毒（TCDVd）在世界范围内传播，为了防止这些病原体通过种子进入土耳其以及在土耳其生产地传播，现急需采取相关措施。

是否有相关国际标准？如有，指出标准:
[ ] 食品法典委员会(例如：食品法典委员会标准或相关文件的名称或序号)

[ ] 世界动物卫生组织(OIE)(例如：陆生或水生动物卫生法典，章节号)

[ ] 国际植物保护公约(例如：ISPM N°)

[X] 无
该法规草案是否符合相关国际标准： [ ] 是 [ ] 否

10.

可提供的相关文件及文件语种:

11.

拟批准日期:
拟公布日期(年/月/日):

12.

拟生效日期:
[ ] 公布日后6个月，及/或(年月日)：该紧急措施将自2021年9月15日开始生效。在完成对国家《植物检疫条例》的修订后，将定期发布SPS通知。该紧急通知将在完成《植物检疫条例》修订之前持续有效。
[ ] 贸易促进措施

13.

意见反馈截止日期：
[ ] 通报发布日起60天，及/或(年/月/日):

14.

负责处理反馈意见的机构:
[X] 国家通报机构
[X] 国家咨询点，或其他机构的联系地址、传真及电子邮件地址(如能提供):
农业与林业部食品管理总局 Eskisehir Yolu 9. Km. Lodumlu Ankara –土耳其电话：+(90) 312 258 7413 传真： +(90) 312 258 7472 电子邮箱：sps@tarimorman.gov.tr bitkikarantina@tarimorman.gov.tr 网址：http://www.tarimorman.gov.tr

15.

文本可从以下机构得到:
[X] 国家通报机构
[X] 国家咨询点，或其他机构的联系地址、传真及电子邮件地址(如能提供):
农业与林业部食品管理总局 Eskisehir Yolu 9. Km. Lodumlu Ankara –土耳其电话：+(90) 312 258 7413 传真： +(90) 312 258 7472 电子邮箱：sps@tarimorman.gov.tr bitkikarantina@tarimorman.gov.tr 网址：http://www.tarimorman.gov.tr

　　Description of content: The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry is amending import requirements for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), pepper (Capsicum spp.) and pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo) from all countries into Turkey.
　　Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus(ToLCNDV) is a harmful virus in many species of Cucurbitacae and Solanaceae family cultivated in Turkey. The agent with a large number of hosts is not known to occur in Turkey. Due to its occurrence in some countries nearby and the presence of a wide range of hosts, it poses a great risk for Turkey.
　　Tomato mottle mosaic virus(TomMV) is a virus that can cause damage to various products, in particular to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and pepper (Capsicum annuum) from Solanaceae family and can be transmitted by seeds. Since it is in the Tobamovirus group, there is a possibility of transmission through seed.
　　The primary host of Tomato apical stunt viroid (TASvd) is actually tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) from the Solanaceae family, however this agent can also be found in pepper (Capsicum annuum).
　　Columnea latent viroid (CLVd) is harmful to various species of the Solanaceae family, in particular to tomatoes.
　　Pepper chat fruit viroid(PCFVd) is harmful to various species of Solanaceae family, in particular to pepper and tomato.
　　The primary host ofTomato chlorotic dwarf viroid(TCDVd) is tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) from the Solanaceae family, and the agent can be found in some ornamental plants. Viroid poses a great risk to Turkey.
　　In view of the dissemination of such agents in the world, in order to prevent the introduction of agents into Turkey through seeds and their spread within Turkey's production sites:
　　For the import of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seeds from all countries as of 15 September 2021, an additional declaration will be requested on the Phytosanitary Certificate stating that:
　　It originates in countries whereTomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV),Tomato apical stunt viroid (TASVd),Columnea latent viroid (CLVd),Pepper chat fruit viroid (PCFVd),Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd) is not known to occur, or in areas where the presence ofTomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV),Tomato apical stunt viroid (TASVd),Columnea latent viroid (CLVd),Pepper chat fruit viroid (PCFVd),Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd) is known:
　　2 a. The seeds originate in a place of production known to be free from;
　　2.b. The name of the place of production; and
　　2.c. The seeds have been analyzed by the exporting country using the RT-PCR Method for ToMMV, TASVd, CLVd, PCFVd and TCDVd and that the product is free from these agents.
　　For the import of pepper (Capsicum annuum) seeds from all countries as of 15 September 2021, an additional declaration will be requested on the Phytosanitary Certificate stating that:
　　It originates in countries where the presence ofTomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV),Tomato apical stunt viroid (TASVd),Pepper chat fruit viroid (PCFVd) is not known, or in areas where the presence ofTomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV),Tomato apical stunt viroid (TASVd),Pepper chat fruit viroid (PCFVd) is known:
　　2.a. The seeds originate in a place of production known to be free from;
　　2.b. The name of the place of production; and
　　2.c. The seeds have been analyzed by the exporting country using the RT-PCR Method for ToMMV, TASVd, PCFVd and that the product is free from these agents.
　　For the import of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) seeds from all countries as of 15 September 2021, an additional declaration will be requested on the Phytosanitary Certificate stating that:
　　It originates in countries where the presence ofTomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is not known, or in areas where the presence ofTomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is known:
　　2.a. The seeds originate in a place of production known to be free from;
　　2.b. The name of the place of production; and
　　2.c. The seeds have been analyzed by the exporting country using the RT-PCR Method for ToLCNDV and that the product is free from these agents.
　　Is there a relevant international standard? If so, identify the standard:
　　[ ]Codex Alimentarius Commission(e.g. title or serial number of Codex standard or related text):
　　[ ]World Organization for Animal Health (OIE)(e.g. Terrestrial or Aquatic Animal Health Code, chapter number):
　　[ ]International Plant Protection Convention(e.g. ISPM number):
　　[X]None
　　Does this proposed regulation conform to the relevant international standard?
　　[ ]Yes [ ]No
　　If no, describe, whenever possible, how and why it deviates from the international standard:
　　Date of entry into force (dd/mm/yy)/period of application (as applicable): This emergency measure will come into effect as of 15 September 2021. When the revision of the national Plant Quarantine Regulation is completed, a regular SPS notification will be made. This emergency notification will remain in effect until the Plant Quarantine Regulation revision is completed.
　　[ ]Trade facilitating measure
　　Agency or authority designated to handle comments: [X] National Notification Authority, [X] National Enquiry Point. Address, fax number and e-mail address (if available) of other body:
　　Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
　　General Directorate of Food and Control
　　Eskisehir Yolu 9. Km. Lodumlu Ankara - Turkey
　　Tel: +(90) 312 258 7413
　　Fax: +(90) 312 258 7472
　　E-mail:sps@tarimorman.gov.tr
　　bitkikarantina@tarimorman.gov.tr
　　Website:http://www.tarimorman.gov.tr