首页 > 分享 > 科学网—Plant Physiology：花的初级代谢

科学网—Plant Physiology：花的初级代谢

花匠小妙招
2024-12-26 08:09

Flower Primary Metabolism: Implications for Pollinators' Preferences and Seed and Fruit Set

First author:Monica Borghi; Affiliations: Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (普朗克分子植物生理研究所): Potsdam-Golm, Germany

Corresponding author: Monica Borghi

Primary metabolism in flowers sustains a plenitude (丰富) of physiological and ecological functions related to floral development and plant reproduction (植物繁殖). Carbohydrates (碳水化合物) and amino acids provide energy and precursors for the reactions of floral secondary metabolism, such as the molecules for color and scent (气味), and constitute an important resource of food for the pollinators (传粉者). Recent discoveries have advanced our understanding of the cycles of carbohydrate hydrolysis (水解) and re-synthesis that regulate pollen development, pollen tube growth, and pollination (授粉), as well as the composition of nectar (花蜜). Pathways of de novo amino acid biosynthesis have been described in flowers, and the proteins that regulate pollen tube guidance (指引) and ultimately control fertilization (受精) are being progressively (逐步) characterized. Finally, a novel field of research is emerging that investigates the chemical modification (化学修饰) of sugars and amino acids by colonizing (殖民) microorganisms (微生物) and how these affect the pollinators' preferences for the flowers. In this Update article, we provide an overview of the new discoveries and future directions concerning the study of the primary metabolism of flowers.

花的初级代谢支撑着花发育和植物繁殖相关的一系列生理和生态的功能。碳水化合物及氨基酸为花的次级代谢反应提供能量和前体，比如颜色、气味及为吸引传粉者的食物来源等。最近的一些研究促进了我们对于碳水化合物水解和再合成循环的理解，这个过程调控花粉的发育、花粉管的生长和授粉作用，以及花蜜的组成。花中从头氨基酸的合成通路已有报道，调控花粉管指引和最终导致受精作用的蛋白正在逐步地被鉴定和研究。最后，一个新的研究领域正在形成，主要集中于糖和氨基酸通过微生物进行的化学修饰，以及这些过程如何影响授粉者的行为。在本文中，作者主要回顾了这些新的发现，同时也提出了一些未来对花初级代谢的研究方向。

通讯：Monica Borghi (https://www.mpimp-golm.mpg.de/person/53041/51661)