草甘膦胁迫对茶树叶片中莽草酸含量的影响
摘要： 为探明草甘膦胁迫对茶树生长及莽草酸代谢的影响,通过水培试验考察草甘膦对茶苗的表观药害,采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱对叶片中的非挥发性代谢物进行非靶向分析,并对叶片中的莽草酸和草甘膦进行定量测定。结果表明,高剂量草甘膦（200 mg·L-1）处理组茶苗出现药害特征,而低剂量草甘膦（50 mg·L-1）处理组和对照组茶苗未出现表观药害。质谱检测和统计学分析表明,发生药害的茶树叶片中莽草酸途径代谢物的含量发生显著变化,其中莽草酸是主要的差异代谢物之一。在试验期内（0~21 d）,茶树叶片中莽草酸的积累量与草甘膦的吸收量和作用时间高度正相关,当草甘膦吸收量达到28 mg·kg-1以上时,茶树的莽草酸代谢受到明显抑制,导致叶片中莽草酸大量积累,与对照组相比,发生药害的茶树叶片中莽草酸的含量约高16倍。本研究表明莽草酸是茶树响应草甘膦胁迫的主要代谢物之一。
关键词: 茶树, 草甘膦, 莽草酸, 药害, 液质联用
Abstract: To investigate the effect of glyphosate stress on the growth and shikimic acid metabolism of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) plants, tea seedlings were cultured in nutrient solution with different concentrations of glyphosate and the visual phytotoxicity on tea leaves was observed. The non-targeted analysis of non-volatile metabolites in the leaves and quantitative determination of shikimic acid and glyphosate in the leaves were carried out by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. The results show that the tea seedlings under the high dose of glyphosate (200 mg·L-1) treatment exhibited characteristics of pesticide damage, while the tea seedlings under the low dose of glyphosate (50 mg·L-1) treatment and control did not show apparent pesticide damage. Mass spectrometric and statistical analysis indicates that there were significant changes in the contents of shikimic acid pathway metabolites in the leaves of glyphosate-treated tea seedlings, with shikimic acid being one of the main differential metabolites. Within 21 d, the accumulation of shikimic acid in leaves was highly positively correlated with the absorption amount and action time of glyphosate. When the absorption amount of glyphosate was larger than 28 mg·kg-1, the shikimic acid metabolism in tea plants was significantly inhibited, resulting in a large accumulation of shikimic acid in tea leaves. Compared with the control group, the content of shikimic acid in tea leaves affected by pesticides increased about 16-fold. This study shows that shikimic acid is one of the main metabolites of tea plants in response to glyphosate stress.
Key words: tea plant, glyphosate, shikimic acid, phytotoxicity, LC-MS
中图分类号:
S571.1
S482
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