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榛子花粉生活力和柱头可授性与结实特征研究

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2025-01-07 13:57

文章导航 > 北京林业大学学报 > 2012 > 34(3) : 58-63.

刘剑锋, 颜堃, 程云清, 王占武, 邹振峰. 榛子花粉生活力和柱头可授性与结实特征研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2012, 34(3): 58-63.

引用本文: 刘剑锋, 颜堃, 程云清, 王占武, 邹振峰. 榛子花粉生活力和柱头可授性与结实特征研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2012, 34(3): 58-63.

LIU Jian-feng, YAN Kun, CHENG Yun-qing, WANG Zhan-wu, ZOU Zhen-feng. Pollen viability, stigma receptivity and fruiting characteristics of hazelnut[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2012, 34(3): 58-63.

Citation: LIU Jian-feng, YAN Kun, CHENG Yun-qing, WANG Zhan-wu, ZOU Zhen-feng. Pollen viability, stigma receptivity and fruiting characteristics of hazelnut[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2012, 34(3): 58-63.

榛子花粉生活力和柱头可授性与结实特征研究

1 吉林师范大学生命科学学院2 吉林省四平市林业科学研究院

计量文章访问数: 02369 HTML全文浏览量: 0159 PDF下载量: 052 出版历程收稿日期: 1899-12-31 修回日期: 1899-12-31 发布日期: 2012-05-29

Pollen viability, stigma receptivity and fruiting characteristics of hazelnut

1 College of Life Sciences, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, P. R. China; 2 Siping Research Institute of Forestry Science, Jilin, 136000, P. R. China.

摘要

摘要: 以平榛与平欧杂交榛品种达维为材料，对柱头长度变化、花粉在柱头的附着、萌发特征、柱头可授性随时间的变化和人工授粉后结实特征进行了研究。结果表明：1）平榛与达维经4 ℃低温保存50 d的花粉在各自柱头上的萌发率分别为47.2%和74.3%。2）自然授粉条件下，2个品种的柱头长度均以花后第5天时最长，此后迅速枯萎变短；套袋雌花柱头在花后30 d内长度可保持最长伸长状态。3）达维柱头对花粉粒的附着能力远大于平榛。自然授粉条件下，平榛与达维在花后4 d柱头附着的花粉粒数量最多，分别为40.6和84.6粒，此后迅速减少；套袋后平榛与达维在花后30 d时花粉粒数量分别为58.1和78.5粒。4）平榛与达维花粉在柱头24 h即可延伸至柱头的基部。5）套袋后平榛与达维在花后30 d时可授性柱头分别达87.3%和92.1%。6）平榛不可食用果实比例达50%以上，空果是造成果实不可食用的主要原因；达维不可食用果实比例少于15%；异花授粉可降低平榛与达维的落花率，但不能降低不可食用果实的比例。

关键词: 榛子 / 花粉生活力 / 柱头 / 可授性 / 结实

Abstract: Changes of stigma length, pollen attachment to stigma, pollen germination characteristics on stigma and stigma receptivity after artificial pollination were studied using Corylus heterophylla and hybrid hazelnut(C.heterophylla×C.avellana) Dawei as the materials. The results showed that:1)pollen germination ratios of C.heterophylla and Dawei were 47.2% and 74.3% respectively on their own stigmas after the pollen was airdried and stored at 4℃ for 50 days. 2)The length of stigma attained peak value on the 5th day after anthesis under natural pollination conditions, then the stigma withered and shortened rapidly. Bagged stigma maintained the longest length within 30 days after anthesis. 3)Pollen attachment capability of Dawei stigma was stronger than that of C.heterophylla. Pollen grains attached on stigma reached the maximum on 4th day after anthesis under natural pollination conditions, and the pollen amounts of pollen grains of C.heterophylla and Dawei were 40.6 and 84.6 respectively, after that the amount of pollen grains reduced sharply; and after being bagged, the amounts were 58.1 and 78.5 on 30th day after anthesis. 4）Pollen tubes of C.heterophylla and Dawei could stretch to the end of stigma within 24 hours. 5)Receptive stigma percentages of C.heterophylla and Dawei were 87.3% and 92.1% respectively after stigma being bagged for 30 days. 6)Nonedible nut part of C.heterophylla was more than 50%, and blank nut was the major reason leading to nonedible nut. Nonedible nut part of Dawei was less than 15%. Flower drop ratio of the two hazelnut cultivars decreased by crosspollination, while crosspollination had no effects on nonedible nut ratio.

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计量文章访问数: HTML全文浏览量: PDF下载量: 出版历程收稿日期: 1899-12-31 修回日期: 1899-12-31 发布日期: 2012-05-29

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