分散液

花匠小妙招
2025-01-11 18:18

摘要： 当前法庭毒物分析的主要样品前处理方法为液-液萃取与固相萃取，分散液-液微萃取（dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction，DLLME）属于液-液萃取方法，是一种简单、便捷、低成本的微萃取技术，具有高的富集因子和好的提取效率，近年来已经受到诸多法庭毒物分析领域研究人员的关注。作为一种多功能的微萃取方法，DLLME广泛应用于法庭毒物分析中农药、安眠镇静药、毒品和重金属毒物的分析。同时DLLME也可与多种分析仪器联用，如气相色谱-电子捕获检测器、高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器等。DLLME作为样品前处理方法具有操作简单、有机溶剂用量少、结果可靠、重现性好等优势，可满足现代法庭毒物分析的要求。

关键词: 法医毒理学, 分散液-液微萃取, 毒物分析, 前处理技术, 综述

Abstract: Currently, the main sample pretreatment methods for forensic toxic analysis are liquid-liquid extraction （LLE） and solid-phase extraction （SPE）. As a simple, convenient, and low-cost LLE method, dispersion liquid-liquid microextraction （DLLME） has high enrichment factor and good extraction efficiency, and therefore has attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of toxicology analysis in recent years. As a multi-functional microextraction method, DLLME has been widely used in the analysis of pesticides, sleeping sedatives, drugs and heavy metal poisons in forensic toxic analysis. Meanwhile, it can also be used in combination with such a variety of analytical instruments as gas chromatography-electron capture detectors （GC-ECD）, high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detectors （HPLC-DAD）. As a sample pretreatment method, DLLME has the advantages of simple operation, less use of organic solvent, reliable results and good reproducibility, thus can meet the requirements of modern court toxic analysis.

Key words: forensic toxicology, dispersion liquid-liquid microextraction, toxicological analysis, pretreatment methods, review