首页 > 分享 > 圆叶牵牛Pharbitis purpurea (Linn.) Voigt

圆叶牵牛Pharbitis purpurea (Linn.) Voigt

花匠小妙招
2025-01-13 18:35

圆叶牵牛Pharbitis purpurea (Linn.) Voigt

别名：毛牵牛;紫花牵牛;喇叭花;紫牵牛;园叶牵牛;牵牛花;tall morning-glory;

科名：旋花科 Convolvulaceae

属名：牵牛属 Pharbitis

《中国植物志》第64(1)卷104页
  2. 圆叶牵牛（中国高等植物图鉴）　牵牛花、喇叭花（各地通称），连簪簪（四川），打碗花（山西），紫花牵牛（广州植物志）
  Pharbitis purpurea (Linn.) Voigt, Hort. Suburb. Calc. 354. 1845; 中国高等植物图鉴 3: 535. 图5024. 1974. ——Convolvulus purpureus Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 219. 1762. ——Ipcmoea purpurea (Linn.) Lam. Ill. 1: 466. 1783; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 200. 1883; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 162. 1890; Diels in, Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. 7: 240. 1912; 侯宽昭等, 广州植物志 585. 图311. 1956; 中药志 2: 316. 图189. 1959; Coll. Fl. Siml. 336. 1971. ——I. purpurea (Linn.) Roth, Bot. Abh. 27. 1787; v. Ooststr. in Blumea 3: 496. 1940, et in Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4(4): 465. 1953. ——I. hispida Zucc. Cent. Obs. n. 36. 1806. ——Pharbitis hispida Choisy in Mem. Soc. Phys. Geneve 6: 440. 1833, et in DC. Prodr. 9: 341. 1845; Liou et Ling, Fl. Ill. N. Chine 1: 37. t. 14. 1931, cum var. lobata Liou et Ling.
  一年生缠绕草本，茎上被倒向的短柔毛杂有倒向或开展的长硬毛。叶圆心形或宽卵状心形，长4-18厘米，宽3.5-16.5厘米，基部圆，心形，顶端锐尖、骤尖或渐尖，通常全缘，偶有3裂，两面疏或密被刚伏毛；叶柄长2-12厘米，毛被与茎同。花腋生，单一或2-5朵着生于花序梗顶端成伞形聚伞花序，花序梗比叶柄短或近等长，长4-12厘米，毛被与茎相同；苞片线形，长6-7毫米，被开展的长硬毛；花梗长1.2-1.5厘米，被倒向短柔毛及长硬毛；萼片近等长，长1.1-1.6厘米，外面3片长椭圆形，渐尖，内面2片线状披针形，外面均被开展的硬毛，基部更密；花冠漏斗状，长4-6厘米，紫红色、红色或白色，花冠管通常白色，瓣中带于内面色深，外面色淡；雄蕊与花柱内藏；雄蕊不等长，花丝基部被柔毛；子房无毛，3室，每室2胚珠，柱头头状；花盘环状。蒴果近球形，直径9-10毫米，3瓣裂。种子卵状三棱形，长约5毫米，黑褐色或米黄色，被极短的糠粃状毛。
  我国大部分地区有分布，生于平地以至海拔2800米的田边、路边、宅旁或山谷林内，栽培或沦为野生。本种原产热带美洲，广泛引植于世界各地，或已成为归化植物。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Ipomoea purpurea (Linnaeus) Roth
圆叶牵牛 yuan ye qian niu
Convolvulus purpureus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1: 219. 1762; Ipomoea chanetii H. Léveillé; I. hispida Zuccarini; Pharbitis hispida Choisy; P. purpurea (Linnaeus) Voigt.
Herbs annual, twining; axial parts short pubescent and long retrorse hirsute. Stems 2-3 m. Petiole 2-12 cm; leaf blade circular-ovate or broadly ovate, 4-18 X 3.5-16.5 cm, ± strigose, base cordate, margin entire or ± 3-lobed, apex acute or ± abruptly acuminate. Inflorescences 1-5-flowered; pedun-cle 4-12 cm; bracts linear, 6-7 mm, spreading hirsute. Pedicel recurved before and after anthesis, 1.2-1.5 cm. Sepals subequal, 1.1-1.6 cm, spreading hirsute abaxially in basal 1/2; outer 3 oblong, apex acuminate; inner 2 linear-lanceolate. Corolla red, reddish purple, or blue-purple, with a fading to white center, funnelform, 4-6 cm, glabrous. Stamens included, unequal; filaments pubescent basally. Pistil included; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed. Stigma 3-lobed. Capsule subglobose, 9-10 mm in diam., 3-valved. Seeds black or straw colored, ovoid-trigonous, glabrous or hilum sparsely pilose. 2n = 30, 32.
Waysides, hedges, fields; 0-2800 m, cultivated or escaped. Most provinces of China [Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka; native of North and South America, introduced and naturalized worldwide]
The seeds are used medicinally.