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婆婆纳Veronica didyma Tenore

花匠小妙招
2025-02-02 09:05

婆婆纳Veronica didyma Tenore

别名：gray field speedwell;

科名：玄参科 Scrophulariaceae

属名：婆婆纳属 Veronica

《中国植物志》第67(2)卷284页
  22.婆婆纳（救荒本草）图76
  Veronica didyma Tenore, Fl. Napol. Prodr. 6, 1811. ——V. didyma Tenore var. lilacina Yamazaki, Jounr. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, sect. 3. 7: 150. 1957. ——V. polita Fries Nov. Fl. Suec. 4: 63. 1819.——V. agrestis auct non L.; Benth. in DC. Prodr. 10: 488. 1846. p. p. ;江苏南部种子植物手册, 686. 1959.
  铺散多分枝草本，多少被长柔毛，高10-25厘米。叶仅2-4对（腋间有花的为苞片，见下），具3-6毫米长的短柄，叶片心形至卵形，长5-10毫米，宽6-7毫米，每边有2-4个深刻的钝齿，两面被白色长柔毛。总状花序很长；苞片叶状，下部的对生或全部互生；花梗比苞片略短；花萼裂片卵形，顶端急尖，果期稍增大，三出脉，疏被短硬毛；花冠淡紫色、蓝色、粉色或白色，直径4-5毫米，裂片圆形至卵形；雄蕊比花冠短。蒴果近于肾形，密被腺毛，略短于花萼，宽4-5毫米，凹口约为90度角，裂片顶端圆，脉不明显，宿存的花柱与凹口齐或略过之。种子背面具横纹，长约1.5毫米。花期3-10月。2n＝14
  华东、华中、西南、西北及北京常见。广布于欧亚大陆北部。生荒地。
  茎叶味甜，可食。
形态特征：一年生草本；茎基部多分枝成丛，叶对生，总状花序顶生；苞片叶状，互生；花冠兰紫色。
分布：华东、华中、西北、西南、河北
生境：荒地路旁。
繁殖方式：种子
习性：阳生
药用部位：全草
药用功能：清热解毒、祛风湿、补肾
药用主治：清热解毒、祛风湿、补肾

《Flora of China》 Vol. 18 (1998)
Veronica polita Fries
婆婆纳 po po na
Veronica didyma Tenore var. lilacina T. Yamazaki.
Annuals. Stems diffuse, 10-30 cm, sparsely pubescent. Leaves opposite, 1-3 pairs; petiole 1-5 mm; leaf blade ovate to suborbicular, 5-11 X 4-9 mm, abaxially whitish hairy, adaxially sparsely pubescent to subglabrous, margin revolute with 2-4 deeply incised teeth per side. Racemes terminal, lax, very long; bracts alternate, sometimes basally opposite, petiolate, leaflike. Pedicel in fruit (3-)6-13(-15) mm, equalling bract or slightly shorter, recurved. Calyx 4-lobed; lobes elliptic to ovate, slightly dilated in fruit, 4-6 X 2.5-4 mm, sparsely puberulent, veins 3(-5). Corolla usually blue, rarely white, rotate, 4-7 mm in diam.; lobes orbicular to ovate. Stamens shorter than corolla. Capsule reniform, 3-4 X 4-6 mm, very slightly compressed, apically notched at an acute angle; lobes rounded, densely glandular pubescent, mixed with shorter eglandular hairs, veins inconspicuous. Style usually 1-1.6 mm, about as high as notch to slightly exserted. Seeds strongly navicular, elliptic, usually 0.9-1.6 X 0.8-1.3 mm; seed coat transversely rugose on dorsal side. Fl. Mar-Oct. 2n = 14.
Naturalized in waste fields; below 2200 m. Anhui, Beijing Shi, Fujian, Gansu, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [native in SW Asia and naturalized over most of the world].
Stems and leaves are sweet and edible.

《全国中草药汇编》:婆婆纳

【拼音名】 Pó Pó Nà
【别名】卵子草、石补钉、双铜锤、双肾草、桑肾子
【来源】玄参科婆婆纳属植物婆婆纳Veronica didyma Tenore [V. agrestis sensu Miq. non L.]，以全草入药。春夏秋均可采收，洗净晒干。
【性味】淡，凉。
【功能主治】凉血止血，理气止痛。用于吐血，疝气，睾丸炎，白带。
【用法用量】 0.5～1两。
【摘录】《全国中草药汇编》