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植被空间类型对城市绿地碳中和绩效的影响

花匠小妙招
2024-09-17 09:24

摘要：

【目的】通过构建城市绿地植被碳中和绩效评估体系,分析植被空间类型对绿地碳中和绩效的影响,为“双碳”目标下的城市绿地建设提供理论参考。【方法】基于生命周期评估视角,以安徽省青阳县三角洲公园为例,将绿地营建分为材料生产与运输、场地施工与种植、绿地运营与维护3个阶段,并结合开敞型、半开敞型、覆盖型和遮蔽型4种植被空间类型,进行碳排放与碳汇的模拟计算,进而分析碳中和绩效。【结果】植被空间由开敞转向遮蔽时,总碳排放量快速增长且趋势加快,3个阶段碳排放量占比依次表现为下降、持平和上升;总碳汇量及净碳中和量表现为趋势放缓的逐步增长,而碳中和所需年限对应表现为趋势放缓的逐步减少,由开敞型的43.9 a减少到遮蔽型的24.6 a,两者放缓的趋势都意味着植被空间的遮蔽程度对于碳中和绩效的提高是有限度的。【结论】城市绿地植被空间类型对碳中和绩效存在影响,针对其“开敞—遮蔽”特征总结了碳排放与碳汇两方面对策:碳排放方面,提倡减少机械使用、选择环保材料、控制施工破坏及提高能源利用效率等策略;碳汇方面,提倡选取当地碳汇优势树种、调节植被群落结构和结合生命周期进行绿地调控管理等策略,以因地制宜地改善绿地碳中和绩效。

关键词: 城市绿地, 碳中和绩效, 碳排放, 碳汇, 生命周期评估, 植被空间类型

Abstract:

【Objective】 To provide a theoretical reference for urban green space construction under the “Dual Carbon” goal, we established a carbon neutrality performance evaluation system and analyzed the impacts of vegetation distribution on the carbon neutrality performance of green spaces. 【Method】 Based on life cycle assessments, green space construction was divided into three stages: material production and transportation, site construction and planting, and green space operation and maintenance, which were combined with open, semi-open, covered and closed vegetation types. Carbon emissions and sink simulations were performed to analyze the carbon neutrality performance.【Result】 When the vegetation type changed from openness to closedness, the total carbon emissions increased rapidly and the trend accelerated. The proportions of carbon sources in the three stages decreased, leveled out and increased, respectively. The total carbon sink and net carbon neutrality both increased gradually. The number of years of carbon neutrality decreased gradually, from 43.9 years for open vegetation to 24.6 years for closed vegetation. These trends implied that there was a limit to the degree of vegetation shading for improving the carbon neutrality performance.【Conclusion】 Vegetation type clearly has an impact on the carbon neutrality performance. In terms of carbon sources, strategies such as reducing machinery use, selecting environmentally friendly materials, controlling construction damage, and improving energy utilization efficiency are suggested. For carbon sinks, strategies such as selecting tree species that have dominant local carbon sinks, adjusting the structures of vegetation communities, and regulating and managing green spaces along with life cycles are suggested. Ultimately, we postulate that green space carbon neutrality performance can be achieved by adapting to local conditions.

Key words: green space, carbon neutrality performance, carbon emission, carbon sink, life cycle assessment, spatial type of vegetation

中图分类号:

S731

TU985.14