东北毛茛科植物营养器官结构及其系统学意义
摘要： 首次采用了GMA半薄切片及叶表皮撕取法,深入研究了东北毛茛科17属、27种及4变种营养器官的形态结构。结果显示毛茛科植物根、茎、叶的角质层,气孔、叶柄横切面形状,通气组织等特征具有重要的系统学价值。唐松草属植物具极厚的角质层,而这种厚角质层不存在于所研究的其他物种;属内不同物种气孔的分布相同,而属间有区别;毛茛组不同物种根和茎的皮层均具通气组织;叶柄横切面形态在属内不同物种相近。此外研究还揭示出毛茛属、水毛茛属和碱毛茛属植物根及茎具相似的结构,如根具溶生性通气组织,导管呈束状分布及无次生木质部,支持前人将三者归入广义毛茛属。驴蹄草属与金莲花属根皮层结构及气孔分布等存在很大不同,二者应属于不同类群,为分子系统学的结果提供了形态学依据。
Abstract: The vegetative organ structures of 17 genera, 27 species and 4 varieties of Ranunculaceae from northeastern China have been deeply studied for the first time using both the glycol methacrylate method (GMA) and peeling of the leaf epidermis. The vegetative organ features, such as root, stem, leaf cuticle, stomata, petiole shape in transverse section and aerenchyma, have important systematic values. The thick cuticle found in Thalictrum is not present in other species. Stoma distribution is the same in the taxa within a genus, but differs between genera. Aerenchyma occurs in the cortex of roots and stems of Ranunculus. Petiole shapes in transverse section are similar in the taxa of the genus. The study supports the three genera Ranunculus, Batrachium and Halerpestes and they were placed in Ranunculus sensu lato since they have similar structures, e.g. their roots have lysigenous aerenchyma, vessels are present in bundles, and there is no secondary xylem. Caltha and Trollius have different cortical structures in the roots and different stomata distribution. Our study provides the morphological evidence for the molecular systematics that placed the two genera in different groups.
中图分类号:
Q944
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