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补充饲料对幼嫩蕨类植物中太阳鸟

花匠小妙招
2025-04-29 05:01

补充饲料对幼嫩蕨类植物中太阳鸟-授粉系统的影响随花的丰盛程度而变化。

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

引用次数: 0

摘要

与花朵中分散的食物相比，补充糖水喂养为食蜜鸟类提供了空间集中的食物来源。这可能会影响鸟类对本地花卉的访问，并改变植物与鸟类之间的互生关系，尤其是在火灾后的幼年植被中。本研究考察了糖水喂食器对幼年植被（18 个月前被烧毁）和过渡植被（5 年前被烧毁）中食蜜鸟类及其植物互惠动物的影响。我们在南非格鲁特伯斯私人自然保护区进行了一项补充喂食实验，在花卉丰度较低（冬季）和较高（春季）时使用糖水喂食器。我们比较了两个季节中喂食器出现之前、期间和之后的鸟类数量和探花率。食蜜鸟类对糖水饲喂器的使用与花朵的丰富程度成反比，冬季有 679 只鸟类访问过饲喂器（每小时 6.94 ± 1.40 只），而春季只有 90 只鸟类访问过饲喂器（每小时 0.41 ± 0.16 只）。在这两个季节中，花卉喂食器的鸟类访问量均高于糖水喂食器。糖水喂食器在这两个季节都没有影响太阳鸟对花朵的光顾率，这与郊区附近地区的研究结果形成鲜明对比，表明在没有糖水喂食器历史的地区，喂食器对鸟类光顾率的影响可能并不明显。我们发现，喂食器数量少并不一定会与天然花蜜资源竞争，反而可能会为鸟类提供额外的食物来源，尤其是在花卉资源较少时。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

Impacts of Supplemental Feeding on Sunbird-Pollination Systems in Young Fynbos Varies with Floral Abundance

Supplementary sugar-water feeding offers nectarivorous birds a source of spatially concentrated food, as opposed to the dispersed food available in flowers. This could impact bird visits to native flowers and alter plant-bird mutualisms, particularly in young post-fire vegetation. This study examined the effects of sugar-water feeders on nectarivorous birds and their plant mutualists in young (burned 18 months previously) and transitional vegetation (burned 5 years previously). A supplementary feeding experiment was conducted at Grootbos Private Nature Reserve in South Africa, using sugar-water feeders when floral abundance was low (winter) and high (spring). We compared bird abundance and visitation rates to flowers before, during, and after feeder presence in both seasons. The use of sugar-water feeders by nectarivorous birds was inversely related to floral abundance, with 679 bird visits (6.94 ± 1.40 bird visitation rate per hour) to feeders in winter and only 90 visits (0.41 ± 0.16 visitation rate per hour) during spring. Bird visits were higher at flowers than at sugar-water feeders, in both seasons. Sugar-water feeders did not influence the visitation rate of sunbirds to flowers in both seasons, contrasting with findings from areas abutting suburbia, suggesting that feeder influence on bird visitation rate may not be apparent in areas with no history of sugar-water feeders. We find that low numbers of feeders do not necessarily compete with natural nectar resources but may instead provide birds with an additional food source, particularly when floral resources are low.

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来源期刊

Environmental Management

CiteScore

6.20

自引率

2.90%

发文量

178

审稿时长

12 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Management offers research and opinions on use and conservation of natural resources, protection of habitats and control of hazards, spanning the field of environmental management without regard to traditional disciplinary boundaries. The journal aims to improve communication, making ideas and results from any field available to practitioners from other backgrounds. Contributions are drawn from biology, botany, chemistry, climatology, ecology, ecological economics, environmental engineering, fisheries, environmental law, forest sciences, geosciences, information science, public affairs, public health, toxicology, zoology and more. As the principal user of nature, humanity is responsible for ensuring that its environmental impacts are benign rather than catastrophic. Environmental Management presents the work of academic researchers and professionals outside universities, including those in business, government, research establishments, and public interest groups, presenting a wide spectrum of viewpoints and approaches.