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燃料电池电动汽车动力系统能量管理策略研究进展

花匠小妙招
2025-05-13 18:48

摘要: 燃料电池汽车以“高效、清洁、零污染”的优点被认为是未来新能源汽车的发展方向。目前全球主要汽车公司大都已经完成了燃料电池汽车的基本性能研发，中国的燃料电池汽车技术研发也取得重大进展。本文分析了国内外燃料电池乘用车、客车及物流车的动力系统应用现状和结构特性，对当前燃料电池汽车动力系统能量管理策略进行了综述，并对未来燃料电池汽车动力系统能量管理的发展进行了一定的探讨。

Abstract: Fuel cell vehicles are considered to be the development direction of new energy vehicles in the future due to their advantages of "high efficiency, cleanliness, and zero emission." At present, most of the major automobile companies in the world have completed the basic performance research and development phase of fuel cell vehicles, and China's fuel cell vehicle technology research and development has also made significant progress. This paper analyzes the application status and characteristics of power system of domestic and foreign fuel cell passenger cars, buses and logistics vehicles. At the same time, the energy management strategies adopted by current fuel cell vehicles are reviewed, and the future development of fuel cell electric vehicles is discussed.

表 1 国内外燃料电池乘用车主要参数和性能[5-8]

汽车品牌丰田Mirai本田Clarity现代NEXO上汽荣威950 上市年份2014201620192015车重/kg1 8501 8902 2902 094最高车速/（km/h）175166179160百公里加速时间/s9.68.99.5—燃料电池功率/kW11410312036冷启动性能/℃−30−30−30−20电池电量/kWh1.6171.9—电机功率/kW113130120110续驶里程/km502750596350

表 2 国外燃料电池公交车动力系统分析[13-16]

客车厂家美国New Flyer欧洲Van hool丰田Sora韩国现代车长/m161210.525—燃料电池功率/kW2×851202×1142×95燃料电池厂家BallardUS hybrid丰田现代动力电池容量/kWh—2123549电机功率/kW210—2×113240续驶里程/km483—200450

表 3 中国燃料电池公交车动力系统分析[1]

城市车长/m燃料电池功率/kW电机额定（峰值功率）/kW整车供应商动力系统供应商张家口1260100(200)宇通亿华通1030100(150)福田武汉8.54080(150)开沃新能源泰歌/雄韬氢雄郑州1250100(200)宇通重塑大同10.545100(200)中通雄韬氢雄聊城93260(155)中通重塑上海1260—上海申沃上汽北京1260100(150)福田亿华通佛山1160/88100(200)佛山飞驰广东国鸿/亿华通云浮1184100(200)佛山飞驰广东国鸿/亿华通张家港10.550/60100(200)宇通/苏州金龙亿华通/重塑如皋10.53080(160)青年汽车南通百应能源盐城123080(140)南京金龙江苏兴邦能源成都94790(150)蜀都东方电气

表 4 国内外主要燃料电池物流车参数[18 − 22]

品牌总质量/kg燃料电池功率
/kW（供应厂商）电机额定
(峰值功率)/kW电池电量/kWh续航里程/km 中通7 98530(亿华通)6061.82530福田
欧马8 27531.36050.37410东风7 51030(重塑)60(120)—360佛山
飞驰3 5003260(120)42300一汽
解放8 00032120(164)24400潍柴
亚星4 495150/20460(150)26—江铃
重卡33 07095(上海杰宁)150(250)—400~500大禹8 250120/16360(120)——Toyota40 000114×2(Toyota)—12320 Daimler7 50075(Daimler)13513.8~40300 Hyundai18 00095×2(Hyundai)350—400Cummins—90(Cummins)—100240~400

表 5 燃料电池汽车动力系统结构特点及代表车型[26]

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