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植物分枝形成及影响分枝数主要因素的研究进展

花匠小妙招
2025-08-13 04:29

DOI:

作者单位:

山东省农业科学院农作物种质资源研究所/山东省作物遗传改良与生态生理重点实验室，济南 250100

基金项目:

山东省农业良种工程（2022LZGC021，2022LZGC022）；泰山学者项目（tsqn202312285，tspd20221107）

Research Progress on Branching Formation and the Main Factors Affecting Branching Number in Plants

Author:

LI Libing

Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources， Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement， Ecology and Physiology， Jinan 250100
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LI Weitao

LIU Yirou

LIU Yiyang

BAI Bo

CUI Feng

WAN Shubo

LI Guowei

Affiliation:

Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources， Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement， Ecology and Physiology， Jinan 250100

Fund Project:

Foundation projects： Good Seed Project of Shandong Province（2022LZGC021，2022LZGC022）；Mount Taishan Scholar Program（tsqn202312285，tspd20221107）

摘要 | | 访问统计 | 参考文献 [109] | | || 文章评论

摘要:

植物分枝（分蘖）是一个复杂且受严格调控的发育过程，显著影响植物的形态建成及产量，是植物理想株型研究的重点内容之一。植物分枝形成至少需要两个重要步骤，一是腋生分生组织的形成；二是腋芽的形成及生长发育成分枝。近年来，已经证实多种因素调控这些过程，并最终影响植物分枝数。本文简述了植株分枝形成的分子调控机制，包括植物腋生分生组织形成关键基因调控网络和腋芽形成及生长关键基因调控网络，综述了多种内源激素包括生长素、细胞分裂素、赤霉素、油菜素内酯和独脚金内酯，营养物质蔗糖和环境因素光对分枝形成的影响，旨在为培育具有理想株型的高产新品种奠定基础。同时探讨了激素之间相互作用对分枝形成的调控，并分析了油料作物分枝研究现状及未来的努力方向，以期为塑造理想株型提供理论依据。

Abstract:

Plant branching （tillering） is a complex and strictly regulated developmental process that significantly affects plant morphogenesis and yield， making it one of the focal points in the study of ideal plant architecture. The formation of plant branches requires at least two critical steps： the formation of axillary meristems and the formation and development of axillary buds into branches. In recent years， it has been confirmed that various factors regulate these processes， ultimately affect the number of plant branches. This article briefly describes the molecular regulatory mechanisms of plant branching， including the regulatory networks of key genes involved in the formation of axillary meristems and the formation and growth of axillary buds. It reviews the effects of various endogenous hormones， including auxins， cytokinins， gibberellins， brassinosteroids， and strigolactones， as well as the nutrient sucrose and environmental factors such as light on branch formation. The aim is to lay the foundation for breeding high-yield new varieties with ideal plant architecture. Additionally， the article discusses the regulatory effects of interactions between hormones on branch formation and analyzes the current state and future directions of research on the branching of oil crops， with the hope of providing a theoretical basis for shaping ideal plant types.

引用本文

李丽冰,李威涛,刘依柔,等.植物分枝形成及影响分枝数主要因素的研究进展[J].植物遗传资源学报,2024,25(12):2009-2019.

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