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外源CaCl2缓解东京四照花幼苗盐胁迫的生理机制

花匠小妙招
2025-09-26 17:15

DOI:

作者:

孙大伟，杨玲，毛霞，刘国华，洑香香

(1 南京林业大学林学院，南京 210037；2 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心，南京 210037；3 上海市野生动植物和自然保护研究中心，上海 202150；4 江苏农林职业技术学院风景园林学院，江苏镇江 212400)
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基金项目:

江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目(LYKJ［2018］06)；江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)

Physiological Mechanism of CaCl2 Application Relieving Salt-stressed Seedlings of Cornus hongkongensis subsp. tonkinensis

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摘要:

以东京四照花(Cornus hongkongensis subsp. tonkinensis)幼苗为试验材料，考察施用外源CaCl2对3‰海盐处理条件下东京四照花幼苗生长、光合色素含量、光合气体交换参数、渗透调节物质含量等生理指标的变化特征，探讨外源CaCl2对盐胁迫伤害的缓解效果及生理机制。结果表明：(1)3‰海盐胁迫处理下，东京四照花幼苗生长受到显著抑制，其叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及渗透调节物质可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及脯氨酸的含量均显著增加，而叶片光合色素含量、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)显著降低。(2)3‰海盐和CaCl2复合处理下，施用低浓度(10~20 mmol·L-1)外源CaCl2降低了幼苗的盐害率和死亡率，促进了幼苗的叶片和植株生物量积累，但降低了可溶性蛋白含量；中低浓度外源CaCl2均显著降低了幼苗叶片的MDA含量与SOD活性，而施用中浓度(30 mmol·L-1)外源CaCl2则提高了幼苗叶片叶绿素b和总光合色素的含量；所有浓度的外源CaCl2处理均有效增强了幼苗叶片Ci、Pn、Gs和Tr，但低浓度处理的效果显著优于中高浓度处理；高浓度CaCl2(40 mmol·L-1)对盐胁迫幼苗的各项生理指标均未产生有效的缓解作用。研究发现，适宜浓度(10~20 mmol·L-1)外源CaCl2可以通过减少光合色素的分解，提高光合速率，抑制活性氧的积累，维持质膜稳定性来降低盐胁迫的伤害，从而降低幼苗的盐害率和死亡率，有效缓解盐胁迫对东京四照花的抑制作用。

Abstract:

In this study, the responses of CaCl2 addition to seedlings of Cornus hongkongensis subsp. tonkinensis, which were subjected to 3‰ salt stress, were evaluated by physiological indexes, including seedling growth, phytosynthetic pigment content, photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and osmotic regulation substance content, etc. The main results were: (1) 3‰ sea salt stress significantly inhibited seedling growth, increased the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble sugar, soluble protein, proline and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), increased photosynthetic pigment synthesis, photosynthetic parameters including intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr). (2) For alleviating treatments with CaCl2 to stressed seedlings by 3‰ salt, application of CaCl2 with low concentration (10-20 mmol·L-1) to stressed seedlings reduced the salt damage rate and mortality rate, decreased SP content and further promoted leaf and plant biomass of seedlings. Correspondingly, MDA content in alleviated seedlings was significantly decreased at medium and low concentrations of CaCl2. Alleviator with medium concentration (30 mmol·L-1) promoted the synthesis of chlorophyll B and total photosynthetic pigment. Ci, Pn, Gs and Tr in stressed seedlings were effectively enhanced in all alleviating treatments. Comparatively, the effects at low concentration of CaCl2 on alleviating stress were significantly superior to that at medium and high concentrations. CaCl2 application with high concentration (40 mmol·L-1) did not relieve all measured physiological indexes stressed by 3‰ sea salt. In conclusion, the application of low concentration of CaCl2 (10-20 mmol·L-1) could reduce the damage of salt stress by reducing the decomposition of photosynthetic pigments, improving the photosynthetic rate, inhibiting the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and maintaining the stability of plasma membrane, thus reduce salt damage rate and mortality of seedlings, and effectively alleviate the inhibition effect of salt stress on C. hongkongensis subsp. tonkinensis.

引用本文

孙大伟,杨玲,毛霞,等.外源CaCl2缓解东京四照花幼苗盐胁迫的生理机制[J].西北植物学报,2023,43(3):441-449

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