论文标题:Floral Pigmentation Has Responded Rapidly to Global Change in Ozone and Temperature
作者:Matthew H. Koski, Drew MacQueen, Tia-Lynn Ashman
期刊:Current Biology
发表时间:2020/09/17
数字识别码:10.1016/j.cub.2020.08.077
摘要:Across kingdoms, organisms ameliorate UV stress by increasing UV-absorbing pigmentation. Rapid ozone degradation during the 20th century resulted in elevated UV incidence, but pigmentation responses to this aspect of global change have yet to be demonstrated. In flowering plants, UV exposure favors larger areas of UV-absorbing pigmentation on petals, which protects pollen from UV-damage. Pigmentation also affects floral thermoregulation, suggesting climate warming may additionally impact pigmentation. We used 1,238 herbarium specimens collected from 1941 to 2017 to test whether change in UV floral pigmentation was associated with altered ozone and temperature in 42 species spanning three continents. We tested three predictions: first, UV-absorbing pigmentation will increase temporally and be correlated with reduced ozone (higher UV) when accounting for effects of temperature; second, taxa that experienced larger ozone declines will display larger increases in pigmentation; and third, taxa with anthers exposed to ambient UV will respond more strongly than those with anthers protected by petals. Globally, the extent of petal UV pigmentation increased significantly across taxa by ∼2% per year. However, temporal change was species specific—increasing in some taxa but declining in others. Species with exposed anthers experiencing larger declines in ozone displayed more dramatic pigmentation increases. For taxa with anthers enclosed within petals, pigmentation declined with increases in temperature, supporting a thermoregulatory role of UV pigmentation. Results document a rapid phenotypic response of floral pigmentation to anthropogenic climatic change, suggesting that global change may alter pollination through its impact on floral color, with repercussions for plant reproductive fitness.
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在动植物王国中,生物体通过增加吸收紫外线的色素来减轻辐射带来的伤害。就像我们人类,当皮肤经过紫外线照射后,黑色素向表层细胞转移增多,使皮肤颜色变深,即形成色素沉着。这其实是皮肤为预防紫外线的侵害而释放出的防御屏障。如今,为了能活下去,开花植物也在努力做出改变——让自己的颜色变得更加黯淡以应对环境压力。北京时间9月29日,《Science》对此进了报道。随着全球气候变化,动植物们似乎已经适应了新的生长环境,甚至扩展了它们的繁殖季节。开花植物也是“拼了”,但这意味着什么呢?
参考文献:
1.https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/09/flowers-are-changing-their-colors-adapt-climate-change
2.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.08.077
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