荒漠草原植物和土壤碳氮养分含量对不同载畜率的响应
摘要： 以内蒙古短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)荒漠草原为研究对象，基于围封19年的长期放牧试验平台，设置4个载畜率水平，分别为对照(CK)0、轻度放牧(LG)0.91、中度放牧(MG)1.82、重度放牧(HG)2.71羊单位·(hm2·0.5a)-1，测定并分析2021年8月植物生长高峰期优势植物及土壤的碳、氮养分含量。结果表明:与对照相比，载畜率的增加降低植物香农维纳指数、辛普森指数；轻度、中度和重度载畜率显著降低植物碳库氮库。随着载畜率增大，土壤铵态氮含量在中度载畜率时含量最高；与对照相比，重度载畜率显著增加土壤硝态氮含量，显著降低土壤全碳、全氮和土壤有机碳含量；中度和重度载畜率显著增加了土壤的pH值。表明在荒漠草原，高载畜率会降低植物多样性水平和碳、氮养分归还能力，增加土壤碳、氮含量的流失，进而造成了土壤全碳、全氮含量的降低，有机碳的累积转化受阻。
关键词: 荒漠草原, 载畜率, 土壤养分, 碳含量, 氮含量
Abstract: In the study,Stipa breviflora desert steppe in Inner Mongolia was used as the subject,which was based on a 19-year long-term grazing experimental platform.Four stocking rates were set:control (CK) 0,light grazing (LG) 0.91,moderate grazing (MG) 1.82 and heavy grazing (HG) 2.71 sheep units·(hm2·0.5a)-1,respectively.The carbon and nitrogen nutrient contents of the dominant plant and soil in August 2021 were determined and analyzed.The results showed that,comparing with the CK group,the Shannon-Wiener and Simpson index decreased as the stocking rate increased.The carbon and nitrogen pools of plants were significantly decreased under light,moderate and heavy stocking rate.As the stocking rate increases,the soil had the highest ammonium nitrogen content at moderate grazing level.High grazing significantly increased soil nitrate nitrogen,but reduced total soil carbon,total soil nitrogen and the soil organic carbon.Moderate grazing and high grazing significantly increased soil pH value.These results indicated that in desert steppes,high-intensity grazing reduced plant diversity and carbon and nitrogen nutrient return capacity,increased soil carbon and nitrogen content loss,which caused a reduction in total soil carbon and nitrogen content,and the cumulative conversion of organic carbon is blocked.
Key words: Desert steppe, Stocking rates, Soil nutrient, Soil carbon content, Soil nitrogen content
中图分类号:
S812.2
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