Purple

花匠小妙招
2025-12-28 17:38

Core tips: Purple-leaved dwarf cherry Latin name: Prunus × cistena N.E.Hansen ex Koehne Kingdom: Phylum of Plants: Angiosperms phylum: Dicots Subclass: Primitive perianth suborder: Rosaceae Suborder: Rosaceae Genus: Prunus genus: Prunus species: Purple-leaved dwarf cherry (Purple-leaved plum × dwarf cherry) Namer and age: N.

Purple-leaved dwarf cherry Latin name: Prunus×cistena N.E. HansenexKoehne Kingdom: Plant kingdom Phylum: Angiosperms Class: Dicotyledonous subclass Subclass: Primitive perianth Subclass Order: Rosaceae Suborder: Rosaceae Family: Rosaceae Genus: Prunus Species: Purple-leaved dwarf cherry (Prunus × dwarf cherry) Namer and age: N.E. HansenexKoehne, 1918.

Purple-leaved dwarf cherry scientific name: Prunus×cistena N.E. HansenexKoehne Purple-leaved dwarf cherry is a deciduous shrub or small tree of the genus Prunus, a hybrid of purple-leaved plum and dwarf cherry, up to about 2.5 meters high, the branches are purple-brown when young, the old branches have lentices, the leaves are oblong or ovate-oblong, the leaf surface is red or purple, the back is more reddish, the flowers are solitary, medium to small, pale pink, the flowers are slightly fragrant, and it blooms in April-May.

Purple-leaved dwarf cherry blossoms are widely distributed in China.

Purple-leaved dwarf cherry has good ornamental effects, fast growth, easy propagation, pruning resistance, and strong adaptability. Purple-leaved dwarf cherry blossoms are generally propagated by grafting and cuttings. Its germination is strong, and it can be usedGardenIt is easy to cultivate into balls or hedges in cultivation, form multi-branched branches through multiple heart plucking, cut off miscellaneous branches before winter, and cut off the leggy branches for heavy shortening, which is with cultivation ornamental.

1. Morphological characteristics of purple-leaved dwarf cherry

Purple-leaved dwarf cherry blossoms are deciduous shrubs or small trees, about 2.5 meters tall, with a crown width of 1.5 meters to 2.8 meters. The branches are purple-brown when young, usually glabrous, and the old branches have lentices and are distributed throughout the branch. The leaves are oblong or ovate-oblong, 4-8 cm long, the tip is acuminate, the base of the leaf is broadly wedge-shaped, the leaf margin has uneven fine blunt teeth, the leaf surface is red or purple, the back is more reddish, the top of the new leaf is bright purple-red, and the xylem of the branches of the year is red. Flowers solitary, medium to small, pale pink, 5 petals, slightly fragrant, stamens many, single pistil, flowering period from April to May.

2. The growth environment of purple-leaved dwarf cherry

Purple-leaved dwarf cherry is a light-loving tree species, but it is also hardy and shade-tolerant. When planted in a place with insufficient light, its leaf color will be greenish, so it should be planted in a place with sufficient light. It is not strict on soil, but grows best in fertile, deep, well-drained neutral and slightly acidic sandy loam soils, and light clay soils are also acceptable. The potted pot should be deeper, and the bottom of the pot should be covered with broken tiles or crushed hard plastic foam blocks to enhance the air permeability and drainage capacity of the soil, and prevent root rot. It likes a humid environment and avoids waterlogging.

3. The distribution range of purple-leaved dwarf cherry

Purple-leaved dwarf cherry is native to the United States and was introduced and cultivated in China in 1990. It is cultivated in various places, and is mainly distributed in the southeast of Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Jilin and other places.

4. Propagation method of purple-leaved dwarf cherry

(1) Grafting and propagation: Purple-leaved dwarf cherry can be grafted by bud graft or branch grafting. Bud grafting selects mountain peaches, mountain apricots, and hairy cherries with a diameter of more than 2-3 cm as rootstocks, and uses bud grafting in late July, and the grafting site is generally selected near the main trunk of the new shoots. After grafting to survive, cut off 1 cm above the graft when budding in the spring of the second year. Purple-leaved dwarf cherry can also be propagated by branching. From late March to early April, 1-2-year-old mountain peaches or apricots are used as rootstocks and grafted by splitting method. After grafting to survive, pay attention to cutting off the rootstock tillers at any time, and transplant them in the spring of the second year.

(2) Propagation by cuttings: Purple-leaved dwarf cherry mainly uses the method of cutting branches, and the all-light mist system in summer is used when cutting young branches. When cuttings, pay attention to choosing strong branches, the length of the cuttings is about 20 cm, and it is best to soak in 600-800 ml/L indobutyric acid solution for 3-5 seconds before cuttings to root and survive.

(3) Layering propagation

1. High branch layering time: High branch layering can be carried out from mid-April to early September. Because the layering needs to be cut off and transplanted to the seedbed for cultivation and management after the layering takes root, it is generally chosen in early May.

2. Selection of branches: Generally, strong branches of 2-3 years old are selected, with a thickness of 1.0 cm to 2.5 cm.

3. Layering treatment: Select the branch branching points, thin out the side branches above the branch points, and peel the petioles under the petioles 5 cm to 20 cm below the branch points. The method is: use scissors to clamp the branches and rotate for 1 week, about 1.5 cm-3.5 cm below the knife edge (depending on the thickness of the branches, the width of the ring peeling is generally 1.2 times to 1.5 times the thickness of the branches, and the effect of being too narrow and too wide is not good), and then use scissors to clamp the branches and turn them for 1 week, and then peel off the bark between the two knife edges. After that, use a brush dipped in 0.03% naphthalene acetic acid aqueous solution to apply the wound, and then wrap the wound with wet mud. Cut the branches at the tie point on the plastic trimmed plastic bag (bottle), remove the plastic bag (bottle), and implant it in the seedbed with substrate soil. The plant spacing is 60 cm-80 cm, the row spacing is 60 cm-80 cm, and the water is sufficient after planting in the shape of a "pin". From the end of August to the beginning of September, the high-pressure strip seedlings should be planted on the high bed, and then watered enough water and built a small arch shed to overwinter. Lay water pipes in the arch shed and water 1 time per month. The strip is tied and bagged (bottle) at a distance of 4 cm to 5 cm from the lower knife edge. Fill the bag (bottle) with substrate soil, tie the upper mouth tightly (5 cm to 10 cm from the upper knife edge), and fix the bagged branches with a rope. Fill with a syringe from the top of the bag, usually every 4-5 days. 30-40 days callus at the incision edge and new roots grow. After 70d-90d, cut off the mother body, which can be planted in pots or in the open field.

5. Cultivation technology of purple-leaved dwarf cherry

1. Planting site selection: Purple-leaved dwarf cherry trees are not strict on soil, and can grow normally in light clay, loam, and plain sandy soil, and grow best in sandy loam soil. Because the purple-leaved dwarf cherry is a hybrid of the purple-leaved plum and the dwarf cherry, it has inherited some advantages of the purple-leaved plum and can withstand light saline-alkali soil. Purple-leaved dwarf cherry blossoms like light, and when planted in insufficient light, their leaf color will be greenish, so they should be planted in a place with sufficient light; Purple-leaved dwarf cherry likes a humid environment, but is not tolerant of waterlogging, and should be planted in a high and dry place, and should not be planted in a low-lying placeLawnThere are no adverse reactions in planting, but it should be noted that sprinkler irrigation should be used for lawn irrigation.

2. Water and fertilizer management: Purple-leaved dwarf cherry is drought-tolerant, and can be watered thoroughly in early spring and late autumn every year. In spring and autumn, the wind is strong, the weather is dry, and new plants are plantedSeedlingsAfter leaf spreading, foliar spraying is carried out once a day in the morning and afternoon, which can replenish water, reduce the pressure on the root system, and improve the survival rate of seedlings. On rainy days in summer, the water in the tree pit should also be removed in time to prevent the water temperature from rising after sunrise and burning the root system. Purple-leaved dwarf cherry cherry loves fertilizer, and in addition to applying base fertilizer when planting, newly planted seedlings should also be properly fertilized during the growth period. In early spring and early summer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer should be applied once, and then circle fertilizer or sesame paste residue should be applied once in late autumn. For newly planted seedlings, seedlings with poor growth due to lack of fertilizer, foliar fertilization can be carried out, the concentration of 0.5% is sufficient, choose to spray in the morning or evening, it is not suitable to do it when the light is sufficient at noon and before and after the rain, the number of spraying is suitable for 3 times, the interval time is 10 days to 15 days. Purple-leaved dwarf cherry is hardy, and adult seedlings can take measures to whiten the trunk. For new seedlings, the method of root cultivation and tree trunk wrapping grass can be adopted, and the young seedlings can be mulched. After the newly planted seedlings are wrapped and dried in the first year, they can be whitened for wintering in the second year.

6. Pest control of purple-leaved dwarf cherry

During the cultivation process of purple-leaved dwarf cherry, it will be harmed by spiny moths, aphids, spider mites, leaf-hopping cicadas, and scale insects. When whitening every winter, try to whiten the main trunk and large branches, scrape off the eggs and cocoons, and spray broad-spectrum fungicides such as chlorothalonil and carbendazim in time in early spring. If the disease occurs, it should be treated in time, and the spiny moth, aphid, leaf hopping cicada, scale insect can be sprayed with deltamethrin, etc., and spider mites can be controlled with triclosol.

7. The main value of purple-leaved dwarf cherry

In the gardenGreeningPurple-leaved dwarf cherry trees can be planted as a whole as urban hedges or color blocks because of their strong budding and bright leaf color, and they are purple-red from budding to leaf fall, so they can be planted as a whole of urban hedges or color blocks, or they can be planted alone, and are one of the best tree species for greening and beautifying the city.

1. Solitary planting: Purple-leaved dwarf cherry leaves are brightly colored and round in shape, which can play the role of the central viewpoint of the landscape or guide the line of sight, and can be planted alone in the courtyard or lawn.

2. Cluster planting: Purple-leaved dwarf cherry blossoms are dotted in clusters in the garden and green space. Purple-leaved dwarf cherry trees can be planted in front of light-colored buildings or against the backdrop of green coniferous trees.

3. Group planting: With purple-leaved dwarf cherry as the main tree species, it is planted in groups and patches, forming a landscape forest, and the unique leaf color and posture are beautiful all year round, attached to the ground cover, giving people a strong sense of layering. Its beautification effect is far better than that of a simple green landscape forest.

4. Forest planting: It can be used around the city, along rivers, etc., to enrich the urban landscape.