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European spruce propagation technology

花匠小妙招
2025-12-31 06:05

Core tip: European spruce propagation method European spruce propagated by sowing. Spruce seeds have inconsistent dormant habits, and some need short-term low-temperature layering, which is generally soaked at 45 degrees Celsius for 24 hours of disinfection and germination before sowing. The effective temperature for spruce seed germination is 8 degrees, which is suitable for early spring sowing. Due to the high natural mortality rate of seedlings, appropriate

European spruce propagation method: European spruce is propagated by sowing. Spruce seeds have inconsistent dormant habits, and some need short-term low-temperature layering, which is generally soaked at 45 degrees Celsius for 24 hours of disinfection and germination before sowing. The effective temperature for spruce seed germination is 8 degrees, which is suitable for early spring sowing. BecauseSeedlingsThe natural mortality rate is high, appropriate dense sowing, sowing, sowing rate of 7~9 kg per mu, 0.3~0.6 cm of sand and soil, covering grass or film, and seedlings are unearthed 7~15 days after sowing.

European spruce cultivation technology

1. Ear material collection: In the stands under 10 years old, select excellent mother trees with straight trunks and dense crowns, and collect semi-lignified shoots of the current year as ear materials. It is required that the ear material grows robustly, without pests and diseases, and without mechanical wounds. The time of ear picking is best to be picked and inserted. If the separation of cuttings in the ear forest is far away, it can be collected 1~2 days before cutting, but during transportation, be sure to pay attention to maintaining water, and use a high-concentration hygroscopic agent to soak the base to retain water.

2. Insertion bed setting: The insertion bed adopts a cantilevered all-light automatic spraying device. The insertion bed is selected in the nursery near the water source, according to the requirements of the spraying device, a circular insertion bed with a diameter of 13 meters and a height of 50 cm is built accordingly, surrounded by bricks and cement, and a hole is left every 1.5~2.0 meters at the base as a drainage hole. First, lay a layer of 15~20 cm thick pebbles on the bed, cover it with a water filter layer composed of pebbles about 10 cm thick, and then cover the water filter layer with a layer of 20 cm thick pure river sand as soil.

3. Cutting bed sterilization: In order to avoid the damage of cuttings by fungi and bacteria, which affect the survival of rooting, the soil must be sterilized before planting. First rinse the bed surface thoroughly with clean water, and then spray with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution, the dosage is 2500~3000 ml per square meter, or you can spray with 500 times liquid carbendazim.

4. Cutting and cutting: The cutting time is around June 20. Cut the spruce wood of European spruce into cuttings 10×12 cm long with apical buds, and remove weak, dry and stunted branches. In order to improve the survival rate of cuttings, after cutting the cuttings, every 50 bundles, the base 2~3 cm is immersed in a solution of indolebutyric acid with a concentration of 1000ppm for 30~50 minutes. Cuttings are carried out before 10 a.m. and after 4 p.m. on the same day, with a cutting depth of 3.5 cm and a row spacing of 3×5 cm.

5. Post-insertion management

1. Insert all the sterilization and disease prevention inserts, and immediately spray 500 times carbendazem solution for sterilization, with a dosage of 1000 ml per square meter. In the future, the medicine will be given every 10 days, and it will be sprayed once after the rain. Spraying time is carried out in the evening after stopping spraying.

2. Moisture management is the key to the survival of cuttings, and the automatic intermittent spraying system must be strictly controlled after insertion. Each spray time should be 2 weeks of rotation of the arm. Interval time, 20 days after insertion, spray every 2~3 minutes from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. on sunny days, and reduce the spraying time every 10~15 minutes before 10 o'clock and after 5 o'clock. After 41~60 days and 60 days, the number of sprays is reduced again to every 6~7 minutes, 20~30 minutes, 10~15 minutes, and 40~60 minutes, respectively. Spray less frequently on cloudy days and do not spray at night. 3. Extra-root fertilization and fertilization can supplement nutrients for cuttings and improve the survival of cuttings. From 20 days after transplanting to late September, spray a mixture of 0.2% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 7~10 days, with a liquid volume of 0.5 kg per square meter, and extra-root fertilization should be carried out after stopping spraying in the evening.

6. Transplanting and changing beds: In order to speed up the growth of seedlings, the cuttings must be transplanted into live annual seedlings to the general nursery for 2 years. For example, cuttings in late June, at the end of October, the viable seedlings should be taken out on the cutting bed, the seedlings with poor root development should be removed, and after bundling them in bundles of 60 plants, they should be stored in sand. In the spring of the second year, it was transplanted by double ridge planting. The ridge spacing is immediately watered thoroughly, and other seedling management measures are the same as those for field seedlings transplanted.

7. Seedling management: Seedlings have weak resistance to dryness, are resistant to shade and moisture, should be watered frequently to keep moist, and have weak resistance to sunlight. Seedlings grow slowly, and generally do not thin seedlings that year. The young tree stage is susceptible to late frost, so more shade sheds are set up and planted under tall seedlings for protection and defense in winter.

Spruce is not easy to transplant, more soil transplants are adopted, and careful operations should be carried out when transplanting to reduce damage to the root system and branches and leaves to improve the survival rate. Spruce grows slowly, with low high growth within 10 years, and gradually accelerates in the later stage, and can maintain vigorous growth for a long time. In the cultivation process, it is necessary to maintain the good tree shape of spruce through maintenance, forming a tree shape that is upright, conical, with dense branches and leaves, top branches on top branches, and lower branches that can survive for a long time without showing the shape of the foot of the tree.