首页 > 分享 > 旱地不同绿肥品种和种植方式提高土壤肥力的效果

旱地不同绿肥品种和种植方式提高土壤肥力的效果

花匠小妙招
2026-01-09 12:06

摘要:

目的黄土高原旱地土壤贫瘠，夏闲期雨热资源难以被充分利用。本研究通过田间试验研究不同夏季绿肥品种及其种植方式对绿肥鲜重、绿肥养分还田量、土壤养分含量、土壤酶活性、土壤水溶性有机碳和微生物量碳含量的影响，旨在筛选出适宜当地夏闲期种植的绿肥品种及种植方式，为促进黄土高原地区农业可持续发展提供理论依据和技术支持。

方法本研究采用随机区组设计，以夏季裸地休闲为对照，设绿肥 (绿豆、长武怀豆、毛叶苕子、油菜) 和绿肥种植方式 (麦后播种、麦田套种) 为研究因素，共 9 个处理。绿肥盛花期全区齐地收割地上部并称重计鲜草产量，分析绿肥地上部氮磷钾含量；每个小区采集 50 株绿肥下长、宽、深均为 20 cm 的土体中的根系，称重并进行分析；绿肥收获翻压 20 天后，于各小区采集 0—20 cm 土壤样品，测定土壤养分含量，土壤微生物量碳，土壤水溶性有机碳含量以及主要酶含量。

结果绿肥麦后播种生物量要高于麦田套种；麦后播种以怀豆和油菜生物量较高，套种以油菜生物量显著高于其他处理。不同种植方式下绿肥总养分还田量与生物量规律类似；麦后播种长武怀豆显著提高了氮素和磷素还田量，麦后播种油菜显著提高了磷素和钾素还田量；套种时氮、磷和钾还田量由高到低顺序为油菜 > 毛叶苕子 > 绿豆 > 长武怀豆，不同绿肥间差异达到显著水平。翻压油菜土壤有机质、速效磷及速效钾含量都要显著高于休闲处理；麦后播种长武怀豆并翻压 2 年后，0—20 cm 土壤有机质、总氮、矿质氮、速效磷及速效钾含量较休闲分别提高了 12.4%、22.2%、95.9%、28.6% 和 11.2%。种植绿肥与休闲相比，土壤水溶性有机碳和微生物量碳含量均有所提高，其中套种油菜增加达显著水平，麦后播种各绿肥间土壤微生物量碳含量差异不显著，但都显著高于休闲。与休闲相比，麦后播种绿肥均提高了土壤酶活性；套种绿肥除绿豆处理的脲酶和过氧化氢酶低于休闲外，其他处理均提高了土壤酶活性。土壤各测定指标与绿肥生物量之间均有显著或极显著的正相关关系，表明土壤肥力的提高主要取决于还田绿肥的生物量。

结论长武怀豆和油菜翻压入土后，能够增加土壤的养分含量和酶活性，培肥效果优于绿豆和毛叶苕子。麦后播种绿肥的生物量、养分还田量显著高于套种，土壤养分含量及土壤酶活性也较高。所以在黄土旱塬地区可选择麦后播种长武怀豆和油菜可有效改善土壤肥力。

关键词: 怀豆 / 油菜 / 麦后播种 / 土壤性质

Abstract:

Objectives The soil of dryland areas of the Loess Plateau is often barren, the heat and precipitation resources can not be fully utilized during summer fallow period. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to investigate effects of green manure crop varieties and planting patterns on their biomass, nutrient contents, soil nutrient contents, soil enzyme activities, soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and dissolve organic carbon (DOC) to determine the best green manure crop variety and planting pattern, which can be regarded as the theoretic base and technical support for the development of sustainable agriculture in the Loess Plateau.

Methods An experiment with randomized complete block design was conducted. The bare fallow in summer was used as control, two factors were green manure varieties (Mung bean, Huai bean, Hairy vetch and Rape)and planting patterns (after wheat harvest and intercropped with wheat), counting to 9 treatments. The green manure was harvested in full blooming stage and the yield of fresh grass was weighted, the N, P and K contents were analyzed. The root samples were collected inside volume 20 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm at the bottom of 50 plants in each plot and weighted, soil samples (0-20 cm deep) were collected 20 days after the green manure was returned into field, and the contents of nutrients, soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and dissolve organic carbon (DOC), as well as the activities of main soil enzymes, were determined.

ResultsThe results indicated that the after wheat harvest had greater biomass than intercropping, the Huai bean and rape treatments had greater biomass than other green manures in the after wheat harvest, and the biomass of rape treatments was significantly increased in contrast with other green manures in the intercropped with wheat. The changes of green manure nutrient contents were similar to those biomass in different planting patterns. Huai bean provided the highest amounts of nitrogen and phosphorous, while rape offered the highest amounts of phosphorous and potassium through incorporation in the after wheat harvest, and the amounts of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium through incorporation in the intercropped with wheat were rape > hairy vetch > Mung bean > Huai bean. The rape treatment significantly increased soil organic matter (SOM), available phosphorous and available potassium compared with the fallow. After 2 years of the after wheat harvest, the Huai bean treatment enhanced soil organic matter(SOM), total nitrogen, mineral nitrogen, available phosphorous and available potassium contents in the depth of 0-20 cm by 12.4%, 22.2%, 95.9%, 28.6% and 11.2%, respectively, compared with the fallow. Incorporation of green manure during summer fallow period increased soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) content and dissolve organic carbon (DOC) content compared with the fallow, and the rape treatments significantly increased soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and dissolve organic carbon (DOC) in the intercropped with wheat. There were no significant differences of soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) between the green manure treatments in the after wheat harvest, however, the contents were greater than those of the fallow (P < 0.05). Green manure in the after wheat harvest enhanced soil enzyme activities compared with the fallow, and other intercropped with wheat green manures increased soil enzyme activities except the Mung bean treatment which decreased the enzyme activities of urease and catalase. The significant correlations between soil properties and green manure biomass indicated that the soil fertility was determined by the amount of green manure biomass to soil.

Conclusions The Huai bean and rape treatments could significantly increase soil nutrient contents and soil enzyme activities and they were better than Mung bean and hairy vetch. As for the planting patterns, the after wheat harvest was better than the intercropped with wheat. Huai bean and rape as green manure applied after wheat harvest can effectively improve soil quality in dryland of the Loess Plateau.

表 1 2011 年和 2012 年麦后播种和套种不同绿肥的鲜重（kg/hm2，FW）

Table 1 Green manure biomass sown after wheat harvest and intercropped with wheat in 2011 and 2012

种植方式
Planting pattern种类
Variety 2011 2012 地上部 Shoot根系 Root 地上部 Shoot 根系 Root 麦后播种
After wheat harvest 怀豆 Huai bean 16420 a 1754 a 16076 a 1718 a 绿豆 Mung bean 11618 b 1234 c 11948 b 1269 b 毛叶苕子 Hairy vetch 10507 b 613 d 11885 c 694 e 油菜 Rape 11429 b 1563 b 15067 a 2060 a 套种
Intercropped with wheat 怀豆 Huai bean 1402 e 127 f 1546 b 141 e 绿豆 Mung bean 3603 d 376 e 3619 d 378 d 毛叶苕子 Hairy vetch 7249 c 416 e 7942 c 456 cd 油菜 Rape 10839 b 1538 b 10714 b 1520 ab 注（Note）：同列数据后不同字母表示同一种植方式不同绿肥间差异显著(P < 0.05) Values followed by different letters mean significant differences among the green manure treatments under same cropping system at P < 0.05.

表 2 2 年绿肥总养分还田量（kg/hm2）

Table 2 Total green manure nutrients returned to soil in the two years’ period

种植方式
Planting pattern 种类
Variety 养分 Nutrient N P K 麦后播种
After wheat harvest 怀豆 Huai bean 260.2 a 20.9 a 128.2 c 绿豆 Mung bean 168.0 cd 17.3 b 121.6 c 毛叶苕子 Hairy vetch 247.5 ab 18.5 b 154.0 b 油菜 Rape 233.5 b 22.2 a 182.6 a 套种
Intercropped with wheat 怀豆 Huai bean 23.3 f 1.8 f 8.5 f 绿豆 Mung bean 53.5 e 5.6 d 40.1 e 毛叶苕子 Hairy vetch 159.4 d 11.5 c 103.0 d 油菜 Rape 180.9 c 17.7 b 145.8 b 注（Note）：同列数据后不同字母表示同一种植方式不同绿肥间差异显著(P < 0.05) Values followed by different letters mean significant differences among the green manure treatments under same cropping system at P < 0.05.

表 3 种植翻压绿肥 2 年后不同处理土壤养分含量

Table 3 Soil nutrient contents of different treatments after 2 years of the green manure application

种植方式
Planting pattern 种类
Variety 有机质
OM
(g/kg) 全氮
Total N
(g/kg) 矿质氮
Min N
(mg/kg) 有效磷
Avail.P
(mg/kg) 速效钾
Avail. K
(mg/kg) 休闲 Fallow 13.7 b 0.9 b 9.7 c 6.3 d 147.0 b 麦后播种
After wheat harvest 怀豆 Huai bean 15.4 a 1.1 a 19.0 a 8.1 ab 163.5 a 绿豆 Mung bean 14.9 ab 1.1 ab 14.0 abc 7.4 bc 157.9 ab 毛叶苕子 Hairy vetch 14.6 ab 1.0 ab 18.1 ab 7.7 bc 153.3 ab 油菜 Rape 15.4 a 1.0 ab 10.4 c 8.8 a 167.1 a 套种
Intercropped with wheat 怀豆 Huai bean 13.5 b 0.9 ab 11.8 bc 5.7 d 147.3 b 绿豆 Mung bean 14.1 ab 1.0 ab 12.6 abc 5.9 d 151.3 ab 毛叶苕子 Hairy vetch 14.5 ab 1.0 ab 14.8 abc 7.1 c 156.2 ab 油菜 Rape 15.3 a 0.9 ab 9.2 c 7.9 b 175.0 a 注（Note）：同列数据后不同字母表示同一种植方式不同绿肥间差异显著 (<0.05) Valuse followed by different letters mean significant differences among the green treatments under same cropping systen at < 0.05.

表 4 翻压 2 年后不同绿肥处理土壤微生物量碳和水溶性有机碳含量(mg/kg)

Table 4 SMBC and DOC of different treatments after 2 years of the green manure application

种植方式
Planting pattern 种类
Variety微生物量碳
Soil microbial biomass carbon水溶性有机碳
Water soluble organic carbon 休闲 Fallow142.4 c 16.2 d 麦后播种
After wheat harvest 怀豆 Huai bean 184.9 a 40.3 ab 绿豆 Mung bean 184.8 a 26.9 abcd 毛叶苕子 Hairy vetch 190.2 a 31.6 abcd 油菜 Rape 194.5 a 38.6 abc 套种
Intercropped with wheat 怀豆 Huai bean 158.5 bc 23.2 bcd 绿豆 Mung bean 170.7 ab 20.4 cd 毛叶苕子 Hairy vetch 189.1 a 32.2 abcd 油菜 Rape 193.2 a 43.5 a 注（Note）：同列不同字母表示同一种植方式不同绿肥处理间差异显著 Different letters mean significant differences among the green manure treatments under same cropping system at P < 0.05.

表 5 不同绿肥处理的土壤酶活性

Table 5 Soil enzyme activities in different treatments

种植方式
Planting pattern 绿肥种类
Variety磷酸酶
Phosphatase
(mg/g)脲酶
Urease
[mg/(g·d)] 蔗糖酶
Sucrase
[mg/(g·d)] 过氧化氢酶
Catalase
[mg/(g·h)] 总活性
Total 休闲 Fallow6.4 d 2.6 bc 19.5 d 3.9 c 3.1 麦后播种
After wheat harvest 怀豆 Huai bean 7.6 ab 4.8 a 27.7 a 5.5 ab 4.8 绿豆 Mung bean 8.0 ab 3.7 abc 25.5 ab 5.0 b 4.4 毛叶苕子 Hairy vetch 6.7 cd 4.3 abc 24.5 ab 5.1 ab 4.0 油菜 Rape 7.8 ab 4.5 ab 27.5 a 5.8 a 4.6 套种
Intercropped with wheat 怀豆 Huai bean 6.4 d 2.4 bc 20.5 cd 4.1 c 3.2 绿豆 Mung bean 7.1 bcd 2.3 c 20.4 cd 3.7 c 3.3 毛叶苕子 Hairy vetch 7.4 abc 4.3 abc 23.7 bc 5.3 ab 4.0 油菜 Rape 8.3 a 3.4 abc 26.5 ab 5.8 a 4.5 注（Note）：同列不同字母表示同一种植方式不同绿肥处理间差异显著 Different letters mean significant differences among the green manure treatments under same cropping system at P < 0.05.

表 6 绿肥生物量与土壤养分和酶活性的相关性

Table 6 Relationships between green manure biomass and soil properties

指标 Index r 指标 Index r 全氮 Total N 0.5065* TOC 0.9038** 速效钾 Avail. K 0.5883* 磷酸酶 Phosphatase 0.6792** 有效磷 Avail. P 0.8311** 脲酶 Urease 0.8778** SMBC 0.7232** 蔗糖酶 Sucrase 0.9532** DOC 0.724** 过氧化氢酶 Catalase 0.7491** 注（Note）：SMBC—微生物量碳 Soil microbial biomass carbon; DOC—水溶性有机碳 Water soluble organic carbon; TOC—总有机碳 Total organic carbon. *, **分别表示差异达到 5% 和 1% 的显著水平 Mean significant differences at P < 0.05 and P < 0.01. [1]

Blaser B C, Singer J W, Gibson L R. Winter cereal, seeding rate,and intercrop seeding rate effect on red clover yield and quality[J]. Agronomy Journal, 2007, 99(3):723-729. DOI: 10.2134/agronj2006.0247

[2]

Agegnehu G, Ghizaw A, Sinebo W. Yield potential and land-use efficiency of wheat and faba bean mixed intercropping[J]. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2008, 28(2):257-263. DOI: 10.1051/agro:2008012

[3]

Pimentel D, Cerasale D, Stanley R C, et al. Annual vs. perennial grain production[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 2012, 161:1-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2012.05.025

[4] 姚致远, 王峥, 李婧, 等. 轮作及绿肥不同利用方式对作物产量和土壤肥力的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(8):2329-2336. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YYSB201508013.htm

Yao Z Y, Wang Z, Li J, et al. Effects of rotations and different green manure utilizations on crop yield and soil fertility[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015, 26(8):2329-2336. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YYSB201508013.htm

[5] 李富翠, 赵护兵, 王朝辉, 等. 渭北旱地夏闲期秸秆还田和种植绿肥对土壤水分、养分和冬小麦产量的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报. 2011, 30(9):1861-1871. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NHBH201109032.htm

Li F C, Zhao H B, Wang Z H, et al. Effects of straw mulching and planting green manure on soil water, nutrient and winter wheat yield on Weibei plateau, China[J]. Journal of Agro-environment Science, 2011, 30(9):1861-1871. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NHBH201109032.htm

[6] 张达斌. 种植豆科绿肥和施肥对渭北旱塬冬小麦产量及土壤性质的影响[D]. 陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文, 2012.

Zhang D B. Effects of leguminous green manure and N fertilizer om winter wheat yield and soil properties in Weibei area[D]. Yangling, Shaanxi:Northwest A&F university, 2012.

[7] 陈玉香, 周道玮. 玉米-苜蓿间作的生态效应[J]. 生态环境, 2003, 12(4):467-468. http://epub.cnki.net/kns/detail/detail.aspx?QueryID=0&CurRec=1&recid=&FileName=TRYJ200304024&DbName=CJFD2003&DbCode=CJFQ&pr=

Chen Y X, Zhou D W. The ecological effect of maize intercropping with alfalfa in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in northeast China[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2003, 12(4):467-468. http://epub.cnki.net/kns/detail/detail.aspx?QueryID=0&CurRec=1&recid=&FileName=TRYJ200304024&DbName=CJFD2003&DbCode=CJFQ&pr=

[8]

Tejendra C, Andrew R. Barley-pea intercropping:effects on land productivity, carbon and nitrogen transformations[J]. Field Crops Research, 2014, 166:18-25. DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2014.06.014

[9] 张恩和, 黄高宝, 黄鹏. 不同供磷水平下粮豆间套种植对根系分布和根际效应的影响[J]. 草业学报, 1999, 8(3):35-38. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CYXB199903005.htm

Zhang E H, Huang G B, Huang P. The effects of phosphorus application levels on the root growth and rhizosphere with intercropping system of spring wheat and soybean[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 1999, 8(3):35-38. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CYXB199903005.htm

[10]

Betencourt E, Duputel M, Colomb B, et al. Intercropping promotes the ability of durum wheat and chickpea to increase rhizosphere phosphorus availability in a low P soil[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2012, 46:181-190. DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.11.015

[11] 杨瑞吉, 马海灵, 杨祁峰, 等. 种植密度与施氮量对麦茬复种饲料油菜土壤微生物活性的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(1):113-117. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YYSB200701018.htm

Yang R J, Ma H L,Yang Q F, et al. Effects of planting density and nitrogen application rate on soil microbial activity under wheat/forage rape multiple cropping[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 18(1):113-117. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YYSB200701018.htm

[12] 关松荫. 土壤酶及其研究法[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 1987.

Guan S Y. Soil enzyme and its study method[M]. Beijing:China Agricultural Press, 1987.

[13] 和文祥, 谭向平, 王旭东, 等. 土壤总体酶活性指标的初步研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2010, 47(6):1232-1236. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRXB201006024.htm

He W X, Tan X P, Wang X D, et al. Study on total enzyme activity index in soils[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2010, 47(6):1232-1236. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRXB201006024.htm

[14] 李银平, 徐文修, 陈冰, 等. 绿肥种植模式对连作棉田土壤肥力及棉花产量的影响[J]. 西北农业学报, 2010, 19(9):149-153. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBNX201009030.htm

Li Y P, Xu W X, Chen B, et al. Effect of different planting patterns of green manures on soil fertility and cotton yield[J]. Acta Agriculture Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2010, 19(9):149-153. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XBNX201009030.htm

[15] 李婧, 张达斌, 王峥, 等. 施肥和绿肥翻压方式对旱地冬小麦生长及土壤水分利用的影响[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2012, 30(3):136-142. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GHDQ201203023.htm

Li J, Zhang D B, Wang Z, et al. Effect of fertilizer and green manure incorporation methods on the growth and water use efficiency of winter wheat[J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2012, 30(3):136-142. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GHDQ201203023.htm

[16] 罗贞宝. 绿肥对烟田土壤的改良作用及对烟叶品质的影响[D]. 郑州: 河南农业大学硕士学位论文, 2006

Luo Z B. Effects of green manure application on soil improvement of tobacco field and quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves[D]. Zhengzhou:MS Thesis of Henan Agricultural. University, 2006.

[17]

Shah Z A, Hmad S R, Latif A, et al. Rice wheat yields in relation to biomass of green manure legumes[J]. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2011, 27(1):73-84.

[18] 李银平, 徐文修, 候松山, 等. 春小麦复播绿肥对连作棉田土壤肥力的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2009, 25(6):151-154. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZNTB200906037.htm

Li Y P, Xu W X, Hou S S, et al. The influence of spring wheat and green manure to the soil fertility of the continuous cropping cotton fields[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2009, 25(6):151-154. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZNTB200906037.htm

[19] 王晓军. 黑龙江绿肥种植对土壤肥力及小麦产量的影响[D]. 黑龙江: 中国农业科学院硕士学位论文, 2011.

Wang X J. The Effects of green manure cropping on soil fertility and wheat yield in Heilongjiang Province[D]. Heilongjiang:MS Thesis of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2011.

[20] 王丹英, 彭建, 徐春梅, 等. 油菜作绿肥还田的培肥效应及对水稻生长的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2011, 26(1):85-91. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGSK201201013.htm

Wang D Y, Peng J, Xu C M, et al. Effects of rape straw manuring on soil fertility and rice growth[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2011, 26(1):85-91. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGSK201201013.htm

[21] 王晓军, 于凤芝, 宿庆瑞, 等. 不同绿肥品种综合利用价值的比较[J]. 黑龙江农业科学, 2010, (6):55-57. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HLJN201006020.htm

Wang X J, Yu F Z, Su Q R, et al. Comparison of comprehensive utilization value with different green manure varieties[J]. Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2010, (6):55-57. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HLJN201006020.htm

[22] 倪进治, 徐建民, 谢正苗. 土壤水溶性有机碳的研究进展[J]. 生态环境, 2003, 12(1):71-75. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRYJ200301018.htm

Ni J Z, Xu J M, Xie Z M. Advances in soil water-soluble organic carbon research[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2003, 12(1):71-75. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRYJ200301018.htm

[23] 王伯诚, 赖小芳, 陈银龙, 等. 紫云英带籽翻耕的氮肥促腐效应[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2012, 40(34):16610-16612. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-AHNY201234040.htm

Wang B C, Lai X F, Chen Y L, et al. Study on promoting decay effect of fertilizer-nitrogen of astragalus sinicus ploughed at maturity stage[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2012, 40(34):16610-16612. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-AHNY201234040.htm

[24]

Tabatabai M A. Effects of trace elements on urease activity in soils[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1997, 9(1):9-13. http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=2083055482&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn

[25]

Riffaldi R, Saviozzi A, Levi-Minzi R, et al. Biochemical properties of a Mediterranean soil as affected by long-term crop management systems[J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 2002, 67(1):109-114. http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=2043925030&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn

[26] 武雪萍, 刘增俊, 赵跃华, 等. 施用芝麻饼肥对植烟根际土壤酶活性和微生物碳、氮的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2005,11(4):541-546. http://www.plantnutrifert.org/CN/abstract/abstract1741.shtml

Wu X P, Liu Z J, Zhao Y H, et al. Effects of sesame cake fertilizer on soil enzyme activities and microbial C and N at rhizosphere of tobacco[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2005, 11(4):541-546. http://www.plantnutrifert.org/CN/abstract/abstract1741.shtml

[27] 刘国顺, 李正, 敬海霞, 等. 连年翻压绿肥对植烟土壤微生物量及酶活性的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(6):1472-1478. http://www.plantnutrifert.org/CN/abstract/abstract2569.shtml

Liu G S, Li Z, Jing H X, et al. Effects of consecutive turnover of green manures on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2010, 16(6):1472-1478. http://www.plantnutrifert.org/CN/abstract/abstract2569.shtml