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特色蒙药材蒙花锚及其易混品花锚的比较研究

花匠小妙招
2026-02-01 12:33

目的: 对蒙药材蒙花锚及其易混品花锚进行比较研究,建立蒙药材蒙花锚专属性检验方法。方法: 采用基原鉴别、性状鉴别、显微鉴别、薄层鉴别、指纹图谱[采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）,色谱柱为Kromasil 100-5-C18（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）;流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱;流速1.0 mL · min-1;检测波长 241 nm;采用中药指纹图谱评价系统分析识别共有峰并计算相似度]及含量测定（采用高效液相色谱法,色谱条件同指纹图谱;检测波长为348 nm）等方法,对蒙花锚及其混淆品花锚进行全面比较研究,进一步明确两者的异同点。结果: 两者的根、茎、叶性状基本相同,区别点在于蒙花锚的花冠黄色或淡绿色,萼裂片条形或条状披针形,花锚的花冠蓝色或蓝紫色,萼裂片卵形或椭圆形;二者的茎横切面及粉末显微特征基本相同,无明显差异点;薄层鉴别（1）蒙花锚与花锚特征斑点无明显差异;薄层鉴别（2）蒙花锚比花锚多一个黄绿色荧光主斑点,可有效鉴别二者;与建立的蒙花锚对照指纹图谱相比,11批蒙花锚样品相似度均高于0.93,平均相似度为0.97,而3批花锚样品相似度均低于0.65,平均相似度为0.63,二者指纹图谱存在明显差异;特征成分木犀草苷含量上蒙花锚与花锚存在10∶1的差异关系,通过拟定合理限度值,可以有效区分二者。结论: 综合传统鉴别手段与建立的系列检测方法,可直观、多层次地甄别蒙花锚与易混品花锚的差异,为特色蒙药材蒙花锚及藏药材花锚的准确鉴定和质量控制提供可靠方法。

Abstract

Objective: To conduct a comparative study on the Mongolian medicine Halenia sibirica and its adulterants Halenia elliptica, with the aim of establishing a specific testing method for Mongolian medicine Halenia sibirica. Methods: The origin identification, morphological identification, microscopic identification, thin-layer chromatography (TLC) identification, and chromatographic fingerprint were adopted. [High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed on a Kromasil 100-5-C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm). A gradient elution was performed with a mobile phase comprising acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid at a flow rate of 1.0 mL · min-1 and the detection wavelength was 241 nm. The common peaks were identified and the similarity was calculated by the traditional Chinese medicine fingerprint evaluation system, and content determination (HPLC was adopted, with the same chromatographic conditions as those for the fingerprint chromatogram; the detection wavelength was 348 nm) were used to compare Halenia sibirica and its adulterants Halenia elliptica. Results: The root, stem, and leaf traits of the two were basically the same. The difference lies in that the corolla of the Halenia sibirica was pale white or pale green, and the calyx lobes were linear or linear-lanceolate, while the corolla of the Halenia elliptica was blue or blue-purple, and the calyx lobes were ovate or elliptical. The cross-sectional and powder microscopic features of the stems of the two were basically the same, no obvious difference. In TLC (1), there was no significant difference in the characteristic spots between the Halenia sibirica and the Halenia elliptica. In TLC (2), the Halenia sibirica had one more yellow-green main spot than the Halenia elliptica, which could effectively distinguish the two origins. Compared with the established Halenia sibirica reference fingerprint chromatogram, the similarity of 11 batches of Halenia sibirica samples was all higher than 0.93, with an average similarity of 0.97, while the similarity of 3 batches of Halenia elliptica samples was all lower than 0.65, with an average similarity of 0.63. The fingerprint chromatograms of the two were significantly different. In terms of the content of the differential component galuteolin, there was a 10∶1 difference between the Halenia sibirica and the Halenia elliptica. Conclusion: By integrating the traditional identification methods with a series of established detection methods, the differences between the Halenia sibirica and the confused Halenia elliptica can be identified intuitively and hierarchically. This study provides a reliable method for the accurate identification and quality control of the characteristic Mongolian medicine Halenia sibirica.

关键词

蒙花锚 /易混品 /花锚 /生药学鉴别 /薄层色谱鉴别 /指纹图谱 /含量测定{{custom_keyword}} /

Key words

Halenia sibirica /adulterants /Halenia elliptica /morphological and microscopic identifications /thin-layer chromatography identification /chromatographic fingerprint /content determination{{custom_keyword}} /

娜仁图雅, 王栋, 乌云索德, 朝鲁门, 白妍, 郭艳, 南玎, 赵新, 任君, 韩塔娜, 郑健.特色蒙药材蒙花锚及其易混品花锚的比较研究[J]. 中国药事, 2026, 40(1): 86-98 https://doi.org/10.16153/j.1002-7777.2025-06-0064

Narentuya, Wang Dong, Wuyunsuode, Chaolumen, Bai Yan, Guo Yan, Nan Ding, Zhao Xin, Ren Jun, Han Tana, Zheng Jian.Comparative Study on the Mongolian Medicine Halenia sibirica and Its Adulterants Halenia elliptica[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Affairs, 2026, 40(1): 86-98 https://doi.org/10.16153/j.1002-7777.2025-06-0064

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