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Anthurium propagation methods and precautions

花匠小妙招
2026-05-04 21:08

Core tips: Flower candles and their flowers of the same genus are emerging cut flowers and potted flowers at home and abroad, each flower can bloom for up to one month, and can bloom all year round. Due to the gorgeous buds of flower candles, beautiful plants, and long viewing period, the market demand increases. Potted flowers are mostly used as decorative flowers on indoor coffee tables and desks. Anthurium is mainly used for division, cutting and sowing

Flower candles and their cousinsFlowersIt is an emerging cut and potted flower at home and abroad, and each flower can bloom for up to one month and bloom all year round. Due to the gorgeous buds of flower candles, beautiful plants, and long viewing period, the market demand increases. Potted flowers are mostly used as decorative flowers on indoor coffee tables and desks.

Anthurium is mainly propagated by division, cuttings, sowing and tissue culture. Division combined with spring repotting, cut off the side branches with aerial roots for planting, form a single plant, the branched daughter plant retains at least 3~4 leaves, cutting propagation is to cut off the old branches, remove the leaves, every 1 to 2 sections as a cutting, inserted in the 25~35"C cutting bed, after a few weeks can germinate and take root. After the seeds of artificial pollination are ripe, they are sown immediately at a temperature of 25~30°C and germinate after two weeks. In order to develop a large number of flower candles, tissue culture is now used for breeding.

It is commonly used for division, cuttings, and sowing propagation. In spring, select daughter plants with more than 3 leaves, cut them off from the mother plant with stems and roots, wrap them with sphagnum moss and transplant them into pots, and replant them after 3-4 weeks of rooting and survival. Propagation of erect stemmed flamingo varieties is propagated by cuttings. Similarly, it is inserted into sphagnum moss and planted in a pot after rooting.

Sowing and propagating flaming, after emergence, it needs to be cultivated for 3~4 years before it can bloom, if propagated by division, it can produce flowers after 1 year of cultivation. Cultivated in the open field, it produces flowers in summer, and the flowering time can be 2 months, and the environmental conditions can be controlled to achieve annual flowering.

The propagation of anthurium includes division and cutting propagation, sowing propagation, tissue culture and other methods, and at present, it is mainly through sexual hybridization to obtain seeds to cultivate excellent plants. However, since anthurium is a cross-pollinated plant, highly hybrid seed offspring will have a wide range of trait separation and great variation. Therefore, vegetative propagation methods such as division, cuttings and tissue culture are often used in production to obtain plants with the same traits as the mother plant.

[Division propagation]

Anthurium has a strong tillering ability, which can be combined with thinning seedlings, transplanting seedlings, cutting flowers and bud removal, separating the small and medium-sized side buds on the mother plant from the mother body, and then cultivating the side buds into new plants, the specific method must be carried out in the following aspects:

1. The division period is mainly in the cool and humid spring, and the shady weather in autumn can also be divided. Do not divide the plant in hot summer or dry and cold season.

2. When dividing, it should be noted that the principle of not hurting the mother plant should be divided, and the side buds that are too large should not be divided, the side buds that are too tight should not be divided, and the side buds that are too weak should not be divided.

3. When transplanting seedlings, divide the plant with evenly force by hand to separate the side buds from the mother plant at the underground stem bud eye, and use a sharp sterilization blade to cut it at the bud eye when it is difficult to separate. Cut flowers and bud divisions must first remove the soil layer, pay attention to the distribution of the root system and the underground stem bud eye, carefully cut the bud eye, and then take out the side buds.

4. After the wound dries slightly, the cut side buds are planted in a cool place to promote rooting and restore growth. When planting, the root system must be flattened, the plant should be upright, and if necessary, it should not be watered immediately after planting, and the foliage surface can be sprayed with water to maintain humidity, and after 2 days, it can be watered or thin fertilizer can be applied according to the situation.

The disadvantages of division and cutting propagation are that the growth is slow, and the material is difficult to sterilize, and it is easy to carry pests and diseases (such as root knot nematodes, bacteria and viruses, etc.). The cultivation technology requirements of division seedlings and tissue culture seedlings are the same, except that the former is taller and stronger than the latter.

【Sowing and Propagation】

In terms of anthurium breeding, sowing is the main way to obtain new varieties of anthurium. Anthurium fruit is a berry, which must be picked and sown, remove the peel before sowing, wash off the pulp to avoid rotting and mold of the peel and pulp and affecting the germination rate of seeds. The sowing method can be used to promote pure sand germination, sowing seeds in clean river sand, sowing depth of 0.5~0.8 cm, maintaining a certain humidity, generally about 15 days to germinate, new leaves will grow soon. When it grows to 5~6 leaves, it can be transplanted into a substrate mixed with pure perlite and peat soil or coconut bran according to 1-2 for false plant cultivation.

[Tissue culture]

Tissue culture is a propagation method in which cuttings of plant material are placed in a culture medium for cultivation and new plants are obtained, and the entire process is completed under sterile conditions in the laboratory. Breeding materials must first be strictly sterilized and detoxified to provide guarantee for obtaining non-toxic clone seedlings.

The breeding material of anthurium mainly uses callus and leaves. The reason for using callus as breeding material is that the cloned seedlings obtained are not easy to mutate, but it is very difficult to obtain non-toxic callus. The leaves are easy to disinfect and easy to operate, but the disadvantage is that the leaves are not smooth, and the plants used for cultivation are prone to mutations, but this mutation can be controlled artificially.

Tissue culture seedlings are all artificially provided under various optimal growth conditions in the bottle seedling stage. The experimental conditions are very different from the external natural conditions, so it is necessary to let the bottle seedlings go through a transitional process of strengthening and refining seedlings, so that the bottle seedlings can smoothly adapt to the external natural environmental conditions.

Notes:

Anthurium should pay attention to moisturizing The posture of anthurium is beautiful, the leaves are born diagonally above the petiole, and the plant shape is teacup-shaped from the side, and the petals are fiery red and extremely bright. The key to cultivating anthurium is to master the humidity, if the humidity during its growth period can be correctly controlled, then it will naturally grow and develop robustly and bloom and bear fruit. The so-called humidity control is not simply cultivation.

Add excess water to the substrate, but pay attention to maintaining the humidity in the air environment, and do not simply water the roots from spring to autumn; More importantly, water should be sprayed on the leaves, and it is better to spray the flowers indoors to fully retain enough moisture for the leaves. In winter, when the pot soil is slightly dry, spray the leaves 2-3 times a week, and if the room temperature is low at night, you can use plastic film to cover the whole plant to keep warm and moisturize.

In addition, the roots of anthurium are also moisture-loving, so put 20% absorbent stone or water-retaining moss in the potting soil around the roots, which can promote the normal growth of the roots and achieve good results for the development of the whole plant. Strengthen management When applying liquid fertilizer, it should be combined with the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and 3:3:7, and the fertilizer should be diluted 500 times every two months from April to October and applied several times. The optimal temperature during anthurium growth is 25-30°C. The minimum temperature during wintering should be kept at least above 15°C.

Insufficient light is not easy to bloom for anthurium, but direct sunlight will cause leaf burning, so the most important measure is to place it in a bright shaded place. In winter, it is placed in the middle of a warm and bright house, and in summer, it is protected from direct sunlight, and if the weather is clear, it can be placed in the shade of evergreen trees or hung under a canopy without strong light, so that it can be protected from both strong light and refracted sunlight.

Proper management of water, fertilizer, and light can promote the robust growth of anthurium leaves and produce satisfactory flowers. After the flowers of sowing and propagating anthuriums are scattered with white pollen, artificial pollination with a dry brush can promote fertilization and fruiting.

When the seeds are fully ripe, the seeds the size of sesame seeds are picked and sown, and May to September is the appropriate sowing period. Rinse the seeds with clean water before sowing to absorb enough water before sowing. First, put 1/2 of peat soil in the sowing pot, cover it with a layer of powdered crushed moss about 1cm thick, then put the wet seeds on it, and gently apply 5-10mm of moss crushed with a fine sieve. The sowing is completeFlower potsPlace in a shaded place without direct sunlight and maintain the temperature while waiting for germination and emergence.