最能代表中国的10种花：你对它们了解多少
Chinese rose 月季
Bearing a strong resemblance to other roses, yet with fewer thorns and larger petals, the plant originates from China, hence the name "Chinese rose".
"Bloom or fade, the flower never cares about arrival of spring; Best peonies only appear in late spring and early summer, yet Chinese roses enjoy the four seasons with unceasing beauty," poet Su Shi from the Song Dynasties ( 960-1279) described the flower in his poem.
Chinese people started to grow the rose about 2,000 years ago. In the Han Dynasty (206 BC- AD 220), Chinese roses were widely grown in royal gardens. And in the Tang Dynasty, the flowers found their way into most regions along the Yangtze River.
Apart from being extracted to make perfume, the roots, leaves and flowers of Chinese roses are used in traditional Chinese medicine to cure menstruation disorders.
月季花外观和玫瑰极为相似，只不过刺更少花瓣更大，因为原产于中国，所以英文名是Chinese rose（中国玫瑰）。
苏轼曾在诗中写道：“花落花开不间断，春来春去不相关。牡丹最贵为春晚，芍药虽繁只夏初。惟有此花开不厌，一年长占四时春。”
国人早在2000年前就开始种植月季，汉朝时就已在宫廷花园中大量栽培，唐朝时更为普遍，广泛分布在长江流域地区。
除了用来制成香水，月季的根、叶和花瓣都可入药，用来调节月经。
点击这里听《China Roses》
Azalea 杜鹃花
Often appearing in old Chinese poems and stories, azalea, or du juan, is the favorite flower of poet Bai Juyi from the Tang Dynasty. He not only praised the flowers in his poems, but tried to grow azaleas.
"Once grown on hills, now blooming in gardens…send a message to God and let azalea be the king of flowers," Bai wrote in his poem Azalea Twelve Tunes.
In Chinese mytholgy, a melancholy bird named Du Juan bleated day and night until it spat blood, which painted all the flowers on the hill red. The flowers were named after the miserable bird.
The whole plant can be used in traditional Chinese medicine and can help to cure kidney illness and deafness.
杜鹃花经常出现在中国古诗词中，是唐朝诗人白居易最爱的花。白居易曾把杜鹃比作花中西施，他曾写道：“本是山头物，今为砌下芳。千丛相向背，万朵互低昂。”
中国曾有杜鹃啼血的神话，传说杜鹃鸟昼夜悲鸣，啼至血出乃止，杜鹃花就是被杜鹃鸟的鲜血染红的，因此而得名。杜鹃花入药可治疗肾虚耳聋。
点击这里听《杜鹃》
Lotus 荷花
Lotus flower is an important symbol of pureness in Buddhism, and also traditional Chinese culture. A Song Dynasty scholar, Zhou Dunyi, praised lotus as "unsullied from silt where it comes from, retains demure despite being cleaned by water" in his prose Ai Lian Shuo.
In ancient Chinese literature, the lotus is often connected with women's noble and pure personality. In the Chinese classic The Dream of the Red Chamber, Qing Wen, an honest and upright maid of protagonist Jia Baoyu, becomes a lotus fairy after passing away.
The flower, along with its leaves, seeds and roots have being widely used in both Chinese cuisine and traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years.
荷花又名莲花、芙蓉，在佛教和中国传统文化中是纯洁的象征。宋代学者周敦颐在散文《爱莲说》中是这样称赞荷花的：“予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖。”
在中国古代文学中，荷花也寓意着女子的高洁人格。《红楼梦》中晴雯死后托梦说自己变成了“芙蓉仙子”。
点击这里听《莲心曲》
Camellia 山茶花
Coco Chanel's favorite flower, the camellia, has been planted in China as early as the Three Kingdoms (AD 220-280).
There is a poem Ode to Camellia, written by a lady called "Madame Huarui", that describes the camellia as "Blooming on the hills, like burning sunset glow and floating pink clouds…the scenery is more beautiful than hundreds of flowers blooming in heaven."
According to medical doctor Li Shizhen's Ben Cao Gang Mu, a scientific medical text with details of more than 1,800 drugs from Chinese medicine, 1,100 illustrations and 11,000 prescriptions, the flower can be used to cure fire burn and empyrosis.
山茶花是传奇时装设计师可可·香奈儿最爱的花，早在三国时代就在中国栽种。花蕊夫人作的《山茶咏》中写道：“山茶树树采山坳，恍如赤霞彩云飘。人道邡江花如锦，胜过天池百花摇。”
点击这里听《送你一朵山茶花》
Sweet-scented osmanthus 桂花
In her poem, Li Qingzhao from the Song Dynasty, described osmanthus as "light yellow, with a delicate figure, that only leaves fragrance behind; No need for bright greens and reds, the osmanthus is a flower destined to shine."
Planting sweet-scented osmanthus in China has a history of more than 2,500 years. Often blooming in August, the plant is also connected with Mid-Autumn Festival due to the fairy tale about a man named Wu Gang. Wu is ordered to cut down a large and strong osmanthus tree on the moon every day, yet the charmed tree never falls and has fragrant flowers each autumn. Wu is only allowed to have a rest for Mid-Autumn Festival.
The little yellow flowers are often added to porridge, cakes and tea to enhance the taste. In Guangxi province where many osmanthus trees are planted, the perfume produced by the flowers has become an important local specialty.
宋代女词人李清照曾在诗中这样描写桂花：“暗淡轻黄体性柔。情疏迹远只香留。何须浅碧深红色，自是花中第一流。”
桂花在中国有2500多年的栽培历史。桂花通常在八月盛开，还有一个和中秋节相关的典故：传说吴刚因遭天帝惩罚到月宫砍伐桂树，其树随砍随合，以这种永无休止的劳动作为对吴刚的惩罚，只有在中秋节这一天吴刚才能休息。
这种香气扑鼻的小黄花可加入粥、糕点和茶中提升口感。
点击这里听《江南桂花香》
Narcissus 水仙花
With its green, white and yellow colors, narcissus, often grown in water, bears a kind of heavenly beauty. Thus it always finds its way into mythologies from different cultures.
In Greek mythology, the flower was named after a hunter Narcissus who was well-known for his beauty. And in Chinese folklore, narcissus is the embodiment of Emperor Yao's two daughters, E Huang and Nv Ying.
Zhu Xi, a leading Confucian scholar of the School of Principle from the Song Dynasty, described narcissus as "a fairy with yellow hats and green sleeves".
According to historical records, the original narcissus was imported from Italy in the Tang Dynasty. Chinese people cultivated better flowers after centuries of breeding. In China, narcissus can be sculptured into various kinds of bonsais. The flowers are often used as a decoration during the Chinese New Year.
根据历史记载，水仙的原种为唐代从意大利引进，经过数百年的栽培，水仙的品种得到了改良。在中国，水仙可以被雕成形状各异的盆栽，多用来庆贺新年。
点击这里听《小小水仙花》
Orchid 兰花
As one of the "Four Men of Noble Character" in Chinese culture, the orchid is better known for its delicate fragrance. And its Chinese character "lan" has being widely used in women's names for thousands of years.
Ancient Chinese called eternal friendship "lan jiao", or companionship as nobel as the orchid, and beautiful prose and poems "lan zhang", or words as graceful as the orchid. People started to grow the flower in China about 2,000 years ago. After the Wei and Jin dynasties (AD 220- 420), orchids were mainly used to decorate gardens.
The first monograph on orchids in the world, Jin Zhang Lan Pu, was written by Zhao Shigeng from the Song Dynasty. With a total of three volumes, the book recorded about 30 kinds of orchids and their living habits.
作为“四君子”之一的兰花以芬芳的香气闻名。知心好友被称为“兰交”。
点击这里听《With An Orchid》
（来源：中国日报网 编译：丹妮）
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