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植物侧枝发育的遗传基础及激素、代谢与环境调控

花匠小妙招
2024-11-04 15:29

摘要：

植株形态的多样性有利于植物适应环境,而侧枝发育是株型的决定因素之一。侧枝发育与产品器官形成密切相关,也会影响光合产物的分配,以及产量和品质。侧枝的形成包括腋生分生组织起始、侧芽的活化和侧芽持续生长等不同阶段。这些过程受到遗传、激素、代谢和环境等方面的共同调控。文章总结了腋生分生组织形成及侧芽活化过程中的关键转录因子及其作用机制,不同植物激素的功能、信号途径和相互作用,以及糖信号和光环境如何通过激素信号网络调控侧枝发育,并对生物钟和表观遗传修饰在侧枝发育中的作用,以及利用基因编辑和环境控制等调控作物株型进行了展望。

关键词: 侧枝发育, 植物激素, 糖信号, 光环境, 转录因子

Abstract:

Plants have evolved diverse architectures for adapting to the changing environment. Shoot branching is one part of plant architecture, and is closely related to the formation of product organs. On the other hand, changes in the allocation of photosynthates as a result of shoot branching also have large impacts on crop yield and quality. The formation of lateral branch is determined by several stages including the initiation of axillary meristem, the activation of lateral buds, and the sustained growth of lateral buds. These developmental processes are controlled by genetic, hormonal, metabolic and environmental regulation. In this review, we summarized how the initiation of axillary meristem and activation of lateral buds are controlled, including the critical transcription factors and their action modes, the function and signaling pathway of different plant hormones and their interactions, and the mechanisms by which sugar and light signals impinge on the hormonal signaling network to regulate shoot branching. Finally, we prospected the future research on the roles of circadian clock and epigenetic modifications in shoot branching, and the technologies of improving crop architecture by using gene editing and environmental control.

Key words: shoot branching, plant hormone, sugar signaling, light environment, transcription factor

中图分类号:

Q949.4

网址: 植物侧枝发育的遗传基础及激素、代谢与环境调控 https://m.huajiangbk.com/newsview357596.html

所属分类：花卉