中文摘要
被子植物的异花受粉使植物获得了异源基因，促进了植物进化，是地球上最进化的有性生殖方式。虫媒是最高效的异花传粉方式，蜜腺通过吸引昆虫，完成异花传粉，在虫媒花的传粉过程中起着不可替代的作用。但是任何事物都具有两面性，如果在花粉成熟前蜜腺已开始分泌蜜汁，或者在传粉完成后蜜腺仍继续分泌蜜汁，都会造成物质和能量的浪费。然而，有关植物蜜腺的研究多集中在蜜腺的分布、形态结构、蜜汁的化学成分等方面，而关于蜜腺的发育与传粉过程在时间节律上的协调性还少有报道。本项目利用植物解剖学、细胞生物学和分子生物学方法，研究牵牛花蜜腺的形态发生、组织结构、泌蜜过程和发育节律，以及蜜腺发育与雄蕊发育、雌蕊发育和传粉在时间节点上的对应关系。在此基础上探讨蜜腺发育与传粉过程在时间节律上的协调性，揭示蜜腺发育节律在植物高效生殖方式中的进化生物学意义。
英文摘要
As the most evolutionary way of sexual production in the world, the process of cross pollination of angiosperms makes the plants acquire heterologous genes and promotes the evolution of the plants. Entomophily is the most efficient way of cross pollination. The nectary completes cross pollination process by attracting insects, which plays an irreplaceable role in cross pollination process. But everything has two sides, if the nectary has begun to secrete nectar before the pollen maturation, or the nectary continues to secrete nectar after the pollination process is completed, material and energy will be wasted. In recent years, many studies on plant nectary have been reported. These studies mainly focus on the distribution and morphological structure of nectary and the chemical composition of nectar and so on. However, studies on the coordination of the nectary development and the pollination process in the time rhythm have not been reported. This project is proposed to study the rhythm of morphological development, tissue structure, the nectariferous process and the development rhythm of Ipomoea purpurea L. floral nectary by the methods of plant anatomy, cytobiology and molecular biology. On the basis of the results, we aim to explore the coordination of the process of nectary development and the pollination in time rhythm, as well as to reveal the reproductive biology significance of nectary rhythm in the way of plant efficient reproduction.
