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光周期对小地老虎生长发育及繁殖的影响

花匠小妙招
2024-11-20 07:20

应用昆虫学报ChineseJournalofAppliedEntomology2014,51(5):12681273.DOI:10.7679/j.issn.20951353.2014.150光周期对小地老虎生长发育及繁殖的影响*褚艳娜**王琼李静雯张青文刘小侠***中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院北京100193摘要【目的】探明光周期对小地老虎Agrotisypsilon(Rottemberg)生长发育及繁殖的影响。【方法】在实验条件下观察了5个光周期0L24D8L16D12L12D16L8D和24L0D下小地老虎的生长发育和繁殖情况。【结果】随着光照时间增加小地老虎生长速度加快发育历期缩短孵化率、存活率、羽化率、产卵量先增大后降低。其卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫的最适光周期分别为12L12D或16L8D、16L8D、0L24D以及12L12D。综合来说光周期16L8D最适合小地老虎的生长发育。【结论】研究结果初步揭示了不同光周期对小地老虎生长发育及繁殖状况存在显著的影响并且不同虫态对光周期变化也呈现不同的变化规律。关键词小地老虎光周期生长发育繁殖EffectsofphotoperiodonthedevelopmentandreproductionofAgrotisypsilonCHUYan-Na**WANGQiongLIJing-WenZHANGQing-WenLIUXiao-Xia***(CollegeofAgronomyandBiotechnology,ChinaAgricultrueUniversity,Beijing100193,China)Abstract[Objectives]Tounderstandtheeffectsofphotoperiodonthedevelopmentandreproductionoftheblackcutworm,Agrotisypsilon(Rottemberg).[Methods]Thedevelopmentandreproductionoftheblackcutwormkeptunder5differentphotoperiods(0L24D,8L16D,12L12D,16L8D,24L0D)wereobservedunderlaboratoryconditions.[Results]Thegrowthoftheblackcutwormaccelerated,andthedevelopmentaldurationshortened,withincreasingphotoperiod,whereashatchability,survivalrate,eclosionrateandaveragefecundityfirstincreasedthendecreased.Theoptimumphotoperiodsforeggs,larvae,pupaeandadultswere12L12Dor16L8D,16L8D,0L24Dand12L12D,respectively.Generally,16L8Dwastheoptimumphotoperiodforthedevelopmentoftheblackcutworm.[Conclusion]Photoperiodhadsignificanteffectsonthedevelopmentandreproductionoftheblackcutworm,anddifferentdevelopmentalstageshaddifferentresponsestovariousphotoperiods.KeywordsAgrotisypsilon,photoperiod,growthanddevelopment,reproduction小地老虎AgrotisypsilonRottemberg属于鳞翅目夜蛾科别名土蚕、地蚕、黑土蚕、黑地蚕、地剪、切根虫等异名Noctuaypsilon是地老虎中分布最广、危害最重、普遍发生的种类。其寄主范围十分广泛不仅为害玉米、高粱、谷子、糜子、麦类、棉花、烟草、马铃薯、甘薯、芝麻、豆类、向日葵、苜蓿、麻类等农作物和各种蔬菜而且为害果树、林木、花卉等苗木和各种野生杂草魏鸿钧等1989。小地老虎以第1代幼虫的危害最大1~2龄幼虫取食作物心叶*资助项目行业公益性科研专项201003025**E-mail:chuyanna1@163.com***通讯作者*-*ail:liuxiaoxia611@cau.edu.cn收稿日期2013-10-23接受日期2014-06-20