国产打碗花属植物种子形态及其分类学意义
摘要： 本文借助于双目解剖镜和扫描电镜对我国打碗花属5种植物的种子进行了观察。结果表明:1、该属植物的种子可分为两类, 一类为旋花型, 较小, 表面具疣状突起, 种皮纹饰星网状, 包括打碗花、毛打碗花及旋花;另一类为藤长苗型, 较大, 无疣状突起, 种皮纹饰呈咀烂状, 包括藤长苗和肾叶打碗花。2、疣状突起由数个相邻种皮细胞的胞间壁强烈突出而成, 呈山峰状, 相连或单独存在。3、该属植物种子形态存在明显区别, 可作为分种的依据。同时作者认为旋花型较进化, 藤长苗型较原始、两类不同类型的种子可作为属下分组的重要依据。
关键词: 打碗花属, 种子形态, 分类学意义, 中国
Abstract: The seeds of five species of Calystegia (C. dahurica, C.hederacea, C.pellita, C.sepium, C.soldanella)in China have been studied under stereoscopic microscope and electron scanning microscope. The results indicate that the seeds are different in size, hilum, ornamentation and protuberance of seed coat, and can be divided into two types:sepium type and pellita type. The sepium type including the first three species is smaller and verrucate, the verrucate protuberance is peaklike, linked together or alone, and has developed from extremely protroding of the intercellular walls of several adjacent testa cells, the ornamentation of seed coat is reticulate; the Pellita type including the other two species is larger and without verruca, and the seed coat ornamentation is ruminate.The morphological characteristic of the seeds are different, and can be used as taxonomic evidence of this genus. The authors consider that the two types of seeds can be used as the foundation for dividing the genus into two section, and the sepium type may be more evolutionary while the pellita type is primitive.
Key words: Calystegia, Seed morphology, Taxonomic significance, China
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