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科学网—Molecular Plant：同倍体杂交物种形成的分子机理

花匠小妙招
2024-11-28 03:18

Hybrid speciation via inheritance of alternate alleles of parental isolating genes

第一作者：Zefu Wang

第一单位：四川大学

通讯作者：Jianquan Liu

Abstract

背景回顾：It is increasingly realized that homoploid hybrid speciation (HHS), involving no change in chromosome number, is an important mechanism of speciation likely to increase in frequency as ecological and geographical barriers between species continue to be disrupted by human activities into the future. HHS requires the establishment of reproductive isolation between a hybrid and its parents.

提出问题：However, the genes and genetic mechanisms involved remain largely unknown at the molecular level.

主要发现：Here we show by multiple approaches that reproductive isolation originated in one homoploid hybrid plant species through the inheritance of alternate alleles at genes determining parental premating isolation.

结果1-亲本生殖隔离机制：The parent species of this hybrid species are reproductively isolated by differences in flowering time and survivorship on soils containing high concentrations of iron.

结果2-杂交种与亲本生殖隔离机制：We show that the hybrid species inherited alleles of parental isolating major genes related to flowering time from one parent, and alleles of major genes related to iron tolerance from the other parent. In this way, it became reproductively isolated from one parent by a difference in flowering time and from the other by habitat adaptation (iron tolerance).

结论：These findings and results of modeling the process suggest that HHS may occur relatively easily via the inheritance of alternate, parental premating isolating genes and barriers.

摘要

同倍体杂交物种形成（homoploid hybrid speciation）不会涉及染色体数目的变化，是未来生态和地理障碍逐渐被人类活动扰乱的情况下，物种形成的一个重要途径。同倍体杂交物种形成需要在杂交种与其父母本之间形成生殖隔离。但是，在分子层面上参与同倍体杂交物种形成的基因和遗传机理还不清楚。本文中，作者通过多种研究方法发现，同倍体杂交植物物种的生殖隔离是由决定亲本预隔离基因座上交替等位基因的遗传所导致的。该杂交种的亲本物种在开花时间和高铁土壤上的存活率存在差异，从而导致了生殖隔离。作者发现杂交种从一个亲本那继承了亲本隔离主效基因，即与开花时间相关的等位基因；而从另外一个亲本那继承了另外一个亲本隔离主效基因，即与铁离子耐受性相关的等位基因。因此，该杂交种与铁离子耐受性的亲本具有同样的生境适应性，但是开花时间不一致；而与另外一个亲本开花时间一致，但是能够适应的生境条件不一致，因此同时与两个亲本形成了生殖隔离。本文的研究揭示了同倍体杂交物种形成可能通过交替遗传亲本预隔离基因和障碍，从而能够相对容易的发生。

通讯作者