果园管理工作中疏花疏果的研究进展*
摘要： 疏花疏果是果园管理中的一个重要环节,是保证果园产量和果实品质的有效措施之一。现阶段我国疏花疏果以人工为主,机械装备化程度低,管理技术缺乏科学性,管理机械自动化水平较低,劳动力大量短缺已经成为制约我国果园发展的最大障碍,传统人工作业方式已不能满足现在果园需求,果园全程机械化、自动化问题亟待解决。对国内外疏花疏果阶段管理技术、机械装备、化学处理等方法进行分析总结,重点围绕未来果园全程自动化进行综述,展望果园疏花疏果管理技术,提出未来果园疏花疏果逐渐向自动化、智能化、精准化方向发展,为全面提高我国果园管理水平提出发展思路和对策。
关键词: 果园管理, 疏花机械, 疏果机械:化学疏花疏果, 智能化
Abstract: Flower and fruit thinning is an important link in orchard management, and it is one of the most effective measures to ensure orchard yield and fruit quality. At present, flower and fruit thinning in China is mainly manual, and the degree of mechanical equipment is low. The lack of scientific management technology, backward automation management level, and the labor shortage have become the biggest obstacles to developing orchards in China. The traditional manual operation methods could not meet the demand of orchards. Full automation and mechanization problems need to be solved. In this paper, the hydrophobic flower thinning stage management technology, mechanical equipment, and chemical treatment methods at home and abroad were analyzed. Looking forward to the orchard flower and fruit thinning management technology, this paper puts forward that the orchard flower and fruit thinning will gradually develop towards automation, intelligence, and precision in the future, and puts forward development ideas and Countermeasures for comprehensively improving the orchard management level in China.
Key words: orchard management, thinning machinery, fruit thinning machinery: chemical flower and fruit thinning, intelligent
中图分类号:
S-1
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