裸花紫珠嫩枝扦插生根影响因子研究
摘要： 以2年生实生苗的嫩枝为试材，从基质、插条部位、留叶方式、扦插季节、外源激素种类及浓度5个方面对裸花紫珠的扦插生根因子进行了系统研究。测定插穗的生根率、偏根率、生根数量及最大根长，采用隶属函数值对扦插生根效果进行综合评价。结果表明：（1）8个基质处理中，以泥炭：蛭石：河沙按2：1：1体积比混合的基质扦插效果最好，生根率74%，平均生根数5.4条；（2）插条中、上部制取的插穗扦插效果优于下部，且中部插穗的生根质量最佳；（3）插穗留叶处理的生根率显著高于不留叶处理，留两片半叶（1/2叶）时，生根率可达64%；（4）秋季（9月）为扦插最适宜季节，生根数量和最大根长均显著高于春季（4月）和夏季（7月）；（5）4个浓度下，IBA处理的生根质量均高于IAA和NAA处理，其中IBA（1 000、1 500 mg·L-1）处理的扦插效果较好，而高浓度NAA（2 000、2 500 mg·L-1）处理明显不利于生根。
关键词: 裸花紫珠, 药用植物, 嫩枝扦插, 生根, 影响因子
Abstract: With two-year softwood cuttings, five experiments were conducted to study the effects of substrate, cutting portion, style of keeping leaves, cutting season, different types and contents of exogenous hormones on rooting of Callicarpa nudiflora cuttings. Rooting rate, hyponastic rate, rooting number and the maximum root length were measured, and a subordinate function value was used to comprehensively evaluate the rooting quality. The optimum substrate among the eight treatments was peat soil:vermiculite:river sand=2:1:1 in volume ratio, and the rooting rate and average rooting number were 74% and 5.4, respectively. The upper and middle portion of cutting were more easily for rooting than the bottom portion, but the middle portion was ranked the best. Cuttings with leaves significantly produced a higher rooting rate with comparison of leaves off. Cuttings with a pair of half leaf got the maximum rooting rate of 64%. Autumn(mainly in September) was the optimal season for cutting and its rooting number and maximum root length were significantly higher than that of spring(April) and summer(July). The cutting effect of IBA treatments within four concentration levels were all superior to that of IAA and NAA treatments. Cuttings treated with IBA(1 000,1 500 mg·L-1) showed better rooting quality significantly, while cuttings treated with high concentration levels of NAA(2 000,2 500 mg·L-1) were obviously not conducive to root.
Key words: Callicarpa nudiflora, medicinal plant, softwood cutting, rooting, impact factors
中图分类号:
Q949.777.5
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