480 份小麦种质条锈病抗性鉴定与评价
摘要： 为了解现有小麦品种（系）对条锈病的抗性水平和条锈病抗性基因的利用情况，寻找新的条锈病抗源，收集不同生态区小麦品种（系）480份，田间接种当前流行生理小种（CYR32、CYR33和CYR34）混合菌种进行成株期条锈病抗性鉴定，同时调查叶锈病和白粉病田间自然发病情况，并利用已知小麦多效抗病基因位点Yr18/Lr34/Sr57/Pm38（7DS）、Yr29/Lr46/Pm39/Sr58（1BL）和Yr30/Lr27/Sr2/Sb3（3BS）的KASP标记进行抗条锈病基因检测。结果表明，供试的小麦种质中，有35份种质接种后对条锈病表现免疫，占参试种质的7.29%；69份种质表现高抗，占14.38%；79份种质表现中抗，占16.46%；其他297份种质表现中感或高感，占61.88%；含有Yr18 基因抗性条带的种质有13份，含有Yr29 基因抗性条带的种质有10份，含有Yr30 基因抗性条带的种质有7份，同时携带2个抗性基因的种质有3份，没有同时携带3个抗性基因的种质。综上，480份小麦种质成株期条锈病抗性表现为抗病的有183份，占比38.12%，携带多效抗病基因的种质27份。携带Yr18 或Yr30 基因的种质对现有条锈病生理小种具有抗性，而Yr29 基因的抗性水平已部分丧失。
关键词: 小麦, 条锈病, 成株期抗性, 抗性鉴定, 多效抗病基因, KASP标记检测
Abstract: The main purpose of the present study is to understand the resistance to stripe rust and the utilization of stripe rust resistant genes in current bred wheat varieties,and find the varieties containing novel stripe rust resistant loci.Totally,480 domestic and foreign wheat germplasms were collected from various planting regions.The varieties were inoculated with mixed races of CYR32,CYR33 and CYR34 for testing the adult plant resistance.Simultaneously,the resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew was investigated in infected field.The KASP markers closely linked or co‑segregated with stripe rust,leaf rust and powdery mildew genes,Yr18/Lr34/Sr57/Pm38(7DS),Yr29/Lr46/Pm39/Sr58(1BL)and Yr30/Lr27/Sr2/Sb3(3BS),were selected for identifying the previous reported pleiotropic resistant genes.The results showed that there were 35(accounting for 7.29%)germplasms showed immunization to CYR32,CYR33 and CYR34,while the numbers of high‑resistant and medium‑resistant germplasms were 69(14.38%)and 79(16.46%),respectively.And the other 297(61.88%)germplasms demonstrated medium‑ or high‑ susceptible to the inoculated races.There were 13,10 and 7 germplasms containing the Yr18,and Yr29 and Yr30 genes,respectively;only 3 germplasms contained two of the resistant genes;no germplasm was detected with all the three resistant genes.In conclusion,183(accounting for 38.12%)germplasms showed resistant to stripe rust at adult plant stage,and 27 germplasms were detected with the above resistant genes.Yr18 or Yr30 gene showed resistant to the current races of stripe rust,however,the resistance level of Yr29 gene was partly lost at adult plant stage.
Key words: Wheat, Stripe rust, Adult plant resistance, Resistance identification, Pleiotropic disease resistant gene, KASP detection
中图分类号:
S512
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