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刺蓼Polygonum senticosum (Meisn.) Franch. et Sav.

花匠小妙招
2025-01-16 03:15

刺蓼Polygonum senticosum (Meisn.) Franch. et Sav.

别名：蛇倒退;红梗豺狗舌头草;红花蛇不过;红火老鸦酸草;急解索;貓儿刺;猫舌草;廊菌;廊茵;廊茵蓼;螺丝三七;猫儿刺;蛇见退;贯头尖;蚂蚱腿;蛇不钻;

科名：蓼科 Polygonaceae

属名：蓼属 Polygonum

《中国植物志》第25(1)卷071页
  83．刺蓼（中国北部植物图志）廊茵（植物学大辞典）图版15:5-8
  Polygonum senticosum (Meisn.) Franch. et Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 1: 401. 1875; Forb. et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 349. 1981; Stew. in Contr. Gray Herb. 88: 82. 1930; Kung in Fl. Ill. N. Chine 5: 41, Pl. 51. 1936; Ohwi Fl. Jap. 466. 1956; 东北草本植物志2: 58,图51. 1959; 湖北植物志1: 242, 图328. 1976; 台湾植物志2: 284. 1976.——Chylocalyx senticosus Meisn. ex Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Batav. 2: 65. 1865. ——Persicaria senticosa (Meisn.) H. Gross ex Nakai, Fl. Saishu & Kwan. Isl. 41. 1914.——Truellum japonicum Houtt. Nat. Hist. Pl. 8: 427. 1777; Sojak in Preslia 46: 146. 1974.——Polygonum babingtonii Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. 5: 239. 1886.——P. typhoniifolium Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 5. 5: 239. 1886.
  茎攀援，长1-1.5米，多分枝，被短柔毛，四棱形，沿棱具倒生皮刺。叶片三角形或长三角形，长4-8厘米，宽2-7厘米，顶端急尖或渐尖，基部戟形，两面被短柔毛，下面沿叶脉具稀疏的倒生皮刺，边缘具缘毛；叶柄粗壮，长2-7厘米，具倒生皮刺；托叶鞘筒状，边缘具叶状翅，翅肾圆形，草质，绿色，具短缘毛。花序头状，顶生或腋生，花序梗分枝，密被短腺毛；苞片长卵形，淡绿色，边缘膜质，具短缘毛，每苞内具花2-3朵；花梗粗壮，比苞片短；花被5深裂，淡红色，花被片椭圆形，长3-4毫米；雄蕊8, 成2轮，比花被短；花柱3, 中下部合生；柱头头状。瘦果近球形，微具3棱，黑褐色，无光泽，长2.5-3毫米，包于宿存花被内。花期6-7月，果期7-9月。
  产东北、河北、河南、山东、江苏、浙江、安徽、湖南、湖北、台湾、福建、广东、广西、贵州和云南。生山坡、山谷及林下，海拔120-1500米。日本、朝鲜也有。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Polygonum senticosum (Meisner) Franchet & Savatier
刺蓼 ci liao
Chylocalyx senticosus Meisner, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 65. 1865; Persicaria senticosa (Meisner) H. Gross ex Nakai; Polygonum babingtonii Hance; ?P. senticosum var. formosanum Ohwi; P. typhoniifolium Hance; Truellum japonicum Houttuyn.
Herbs perennial. Stems trailing or ascending, 1-2 cm tall, much branched, angulate, with retrorse prickles along angles; petiole 2-7 cm, retrorsely prickly; leaf blade triangular or narrowly triangular, 4-8 × 2-7 cm, both surfaces pubescent, abaxially with sparse retrorse prickles along veins, base hastate or broadly cordate, margin retrorsely prickly, apex acuminate; ocrea tubular, 5-10 mm, membranous, apex with green herbaceous reniform-orbicular wing, margin ciliate. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, capitate; peduncles branched, shortly glandular hairy; bracts narrowly ovate, ciliate. Pedicels shorter than bracts, 1.5-2.5 mm, glabrous. Perianth pinkish, 5-parted; tepals oblong, 3-4 mm. Stamens 8, in 2 whorls. Styles 3, connate to below middle; stigmas capitate. Achenes black, dull, subglobose, 2.5-3 mm. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Jul-Sep.
Mountain slopes, moist valleys, mixed forests; 100-1500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia (Far East)].

【拼音名】 Cì Liǎo
【别名】廊茵、急解素、蛇不钻、猫舌草、红火老鸦酸草
【来源】蓼科蓼属植物刺蓼Polygonum senticosum （Meisn.）Franch. et Sav.，以全草入药。夏秋采集，除去泥土晒干。
【性味】酸、微辛，平。
【功能主治】解毒消肿，利湿止痒。用于湿疹，黄水疮，疔疮，痈疖，蛇咬伤。
【用法用量】不作内服，外用煎水外洗或捣烂敷患处。
【摘录】《全国中草药汇编》