互花米草入侵对滨海湿地生态系统的影响研究进展
摘要： 滨海湿地受海、陆生态系统的交互影响,是典型的生态脆弱带和敏感区。互花米草是全球海岸带最为成功的外来入侵物种,对滨海湿地生态系统已经产生了重要的影响。本文对已有相关研究进行了系统梳理,揭示了互花米草入侵对滨海湿地生态系统生物地球化学循环(碳循环、氮循环、磷循环及土壤重金属迁移)和入侵地生物群落(微生物、植物和动物)的影响。并在此基础上对今后研究的重点提出了展望: 加强互花米草入侵对滨海湿地生态系统健康影响机制研究;重点关注全球变化背景下互花米草群落与湿地环境互馈耦合;开展长时序定位监测,厘清滨海湿地生态系统对互米草不同入侵阶段的响应差异,以期对互花米草的生态利用和治理提供指导。
Abstract: Coastal wetland, affected by the interaction of land and marine ecosystems, is a typical fragile and sensitive zone. Spartina alterniflora is the most successful invasive species in global coastal zone, with important impact on coastal wetland ecosystems. We systematically summarized available literature, and reviewed the effects of S. alterniflora invasion on biogeochemical cycling (soil carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus cycling, and soil heavy metal migration) and biological community (microorganisms, plants, and animals) in coastal wetlands. Then, three perspectives were proposed for the future research: 1) strengthening the mechanism of the impact of S. alterniflora invasion on ecosystem health of coastal wetlands; 2) focusing on the coupling mechanism of the interaction between S. alterniflora community and coastal wetland environment in the context of global change; 3) carrying out long-term positioning monitoring to clarify the responses of coastal wetlands at different stages of S. alterniflora invasion. This review could provide guidance for the ecological utilization and management of S. alterniflora.
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