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Fhb1基因改良‘周麦’品种赤霉病抗性研究

花匠小妙招
2025-03-12 17:05

摘要：

为加快‘周麦’品种赤霉病抗性改良,利用当地主栽‘周麦’品种（系）‘周麦22号’、‘周麦32号’、‘周11550’为母本,‘宁麦9号’、‘生选6号’、‘扬麦21号’等长江中下游地区抗赤霉病材料为父本配制一系列杂交组合,经过选择获得621份F3~F6后代材料。在田间选用来源于江苏和河南两地不同的赤霉病菌株,通过单花滴注法接种小穗进行赤霉病抗性鉴定,同时利用抗赤霉病主效基因Fhb1紧密连锁的诊断性标记His-InDel对后代材料进行分子检测。结果表明,江苏的赤霉病菌株接种后代材料田间鉴定为高抗和中抗的占总数的23.9%,而河南的赤霉病菌株感染后代材料田间鉴定为高抗和中抗占比为35.1%,说明后代材料的赤霉病抗性比感病亲本有明显的改良,而且材料对江苏的赤霉菌菌株的抗性比河南的赤霉菌菌株的抗性低。分子检测结果显示,携带Fhb1和不携带Fhb1的材料之间赤霉病抗性差异极显著。这表明利用Fhb1基因分子标记辅助选择技术可用于改良‘周麦’品种的赤霉病抗性。

关键词: 小麦, 赤霉病, Fhb1基因, 分子检测, 田间鉴定

Abstract:

To accelerate the improvement of wheat resistance to fusarium head blight (FHB) in ‘Zhoumai’ wheat, we used the local main wheat varieties (lines) ‘Zhoumai 22’, ‘Zhoumai 32’ and ‘Zhou11550’ as the female parents and the ‘Ningmai 9’, ‘Shengxuan 6’, ‘Yangmai 21’, which are the FHB resistant materials in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, as male parents to make a series of hybrid combinations. Then we got 621 selected materials in F3-F6 offspring. In the field, we used different FHB strains from Jiangsu and Henan to identify the resistance to FHB through inoculating spores into spikelets by single flower drip method. Meanwhile, the molecular detection of the progenitor materials was carried out by using the closely linked diagnostic marker His-InDel of the main gene Fhb1. Field inoculation results showed that 23.9% of the total offspring from Jiangsu had high or moderate resistance to FHB, while this rate was 35.1% in the offspring of Henan. The resistance of the offspring materials was significantly improved compared with their parents, which were susceptible to FHB. And the resistance of the materials to strains from Jiangsu was lower than that from Henan. Molecular detection results showed that the resistance to FHB had a significant difference in materials containing Fhb1 or not, indicating that Fhb1 gene marker assisted selection could be used to improve the resistance of wheat cultivars to FHB efficiently.

Key words: wheat, fusarium head blight (FHB), Fhb1 gene, molecular identification, field resistance

中图分类号:

S-3