纤维素降解菌的筛选及其对西兰花废弃茎叶品质的改善
摘要：
本试验旨在筛选纤维素降解菌,并探究其用于废弃西兰花茎叶发酵的可行性。以西兰花种植土壤和实验室保藏菌种为筛选源,采用羧甲基纤维素酶(CMC)-刚果红染色法进行初筛,以CMC活性和滤纸酶(FPA)活性为指标进行复筛,获得一株高产纤维素酶的菌株,编号XLG2-1。对其进行16S rRNA基因序列分析,通过形态学及生理生化分析,确定其为短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)。将菌株接种于废弃西兰花茎叶中进行发酵,发现粗蛋白、小肽和粗多糖含量分别比发酵前提高了0.41、11.5和10.4百分点;粗脂肪、粗纤维和粗灰分含量分别比发酵前降低了0.21、0.25和0.02百分点。扫描电镜结果显示,发酵后的样品结构疏松,表面有大量孔洞,并有菌附着,表明该菌能分解利用西兰花废弃茎叶,有助于解决其资源化利用的难题。
关键词: 纤维素, 短小芽孢杆菌, 西兰花废弃茎叶, 发酵
Abstract:
The aim of this experiment is to screen cellulose degrading bacteria and explore their feasibility for fermentation of abandoned stems and leaves of Brassica oleracea. Using broccoli planting soil and laboratory preserved bacterial strains as screening sources, the carboxymethyl cellulase (CMC) Congo red staining method was used for initial screening. CMC activity and filter paper enzyme activity (FPA) were used as indicators for re screening, and a high cellulase producing strain, XLG2-1, was obtained. Through 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and morphological and physiological and biochemical analysis, it was determined as Bacillus pumilus. Inoculate the strain into abandoned stems and leaves of Brassica oleracea for fermentation, and it was found that the content of crude protein, small peptides, and crude polysaccharides increased by 0.41, 11.5 and 10.4 percentage points respectively compared with that before fermentation. The content of crude fat, crude fiber, and crude ash decreased by 0.21, 0.25 and 0.02 percentage points respectively compared with that before fermentation. The scanning electron microscope results showed that the sample structure after fermentation was loose, with a large number of pores on the surface and bacterial attachment, indicating that the bacteria can decompose and utilize the abandoned stems and leaves of of Brassica oleracea, which helps to solve the problem of its resource utilization.
Key words: cellulose, Bacillus pumilus, abandoned stems and leaves of Brassica oleracea, fermentation
中图分类号:
S432.4
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