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水氮管理对意大利黑麦草产量和生理特性的影响

花匠小妙招
2025-05-02 18:51

图 1 灌溉量施氮量对意大利黑麦草光合特性的影响

Figure 1. Effects of irrigation amount and nitrogen application rate on photosynthetic characteristics of Italian ryegrass

图 2 水氮管理对意大利黑麦草产量和生理特性的主成分分析图

椭圆表示95%的置信度。A, 灌溉量；B，施氮量。

Figure 2. Principal component analysis of irrigation and nitrogen treatments on yield and physiological characteristics of Italian ryegrass

The ellipse indicates 95% confidence. A, irrigation amount; B, N application rate.

表 1 水氮处理对意大利黑麦草农艺性状和产量的影响

Table 1 Effects of irrigation and nitrogen treatment on agronomic traits and yield of Italian ryegrass

处理
Treatment 分蘖数
Stem
number 株高
Plant
height/cm 叶面积
Leaf area/
cm2 鲜物质产量
Fresh material
yield/(t·hm−2) 干物质产量
Dry matter
yield/(t·hm−2) 干物质含量
Dry matter
content/% 灌溉量
Irrigation
amount (IA) 0 m3·hm−2 14.70 ± 2.19 67.70 ± 8.11b 26.80 ± 3.87b 32.40 ± 4.03b 3.95 ± 0.43b 12.30 ± 0.25a 1 200 m3·hm−2 13.60 ± 1.22 67.60 ± 1.76b 23.40 ± 1.59b 46.10 ± 4.21a 3.97 ± 0.34b 8.70 ± 0.30b 1 800 m3·hm−2 14.60 ± 1.23 71.00 ± 2.17b 26.00 ± 1.68b 57.60 ± 3.72a 5.33 ± 0.31a 9.31 ± 0.24b 2 400 m3·hm−2 17.80 ± 1.70 81.90 ± 2.61a 36.90 ± 2.32a 49.80 ± 3.44a 4.55 ± 0.40ab 9.21 ± 0.61b 施氮量
Nitrogen
application
rate (N) 0 kg·hm−2 14.70 ± 2.19 67.70 ± 8.11 26.80 ± 3.87 32.40 ± 4.03b 3.95 ± 0.43 12.30 ± 0.25a 160 kg·hm−2 13.00 ± 1.01 70.70 ± 2.25 26.50 ± 2.03 45.20 ± 3.27ab 4.40 ± 0.38 9.70 ± 0.32b 240 kg·hm−2 14.80 ± 1.53 73.00 ± 2.83 28.30 ± 2.47 54.60 ± 4.26a 4.79 ± 0.44 8.82 ± 0.51b 320 kg·hm−2 18.11 ± 1.58 76.80 ± 3.61 31.50 ± 3.42 53.80 ± 4.05a 4.66 ± 0.38 8.69 ± 0.33b P IA 0.217 0.002 0.000 0.014 0.049 0.002 N 0.096 0.404 0.590 0.023 0.711 0.001 IA×N 0.349 0.311 0.525 0.566 0.815 0.772 　不同小写字母表示不同灌溉量或施氮量间差异显著(P < 0.05)，无字母表示差异不显著(P > 0.05)。下同。
　Different lowercase letters indicate a significant difference among the means of different irrigation amount or N application rate at the 0.05 level; No letters indicate insignificant differences at the 0.05 level. This is applicable for the following figures and tables as well.

表 2 水氮处理对意大利黑麦草光合特性显著性的影响

Table 2 Effects of irrigation and nitrogen treatments on photosynthetic characteristics of Italian ryegrass

因素 Factor Pn Ci Gtw Gtc Tr Gsw 灌溉量 Irrigation amount (IA) 0.015 0.126 0.598 0.056 0.042 0.006 施氮量 Nitrogen application rate (N) 0.012 0.062 0.253 0.231 0.138 0.636 IA×N 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.003 0.003 　Pn，净光合速率；Ci，胞间二氧化碳浓度；Gtw，水汽的总导度；Gtc，二氧化碳总导度；Tr，蒸腾速率；Gsw，水汽的气孔导度。下同。
　Pn, net photosynthetic rate; Ci, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration; Gtw, total conductivity of water vapor; Gtc, total conductivity of carbon dioxide; Tr, transpiration rate; Gsw, pore conductivity of water vapor. This is applicable for the following figures and tables as well.

表 3 水氮处理对意大利黑麦草生理特性的影响

Table 3 Effects of irrigation and nitrogen treatments on physiological characteristics of Italian ryegrass

处理
Treatment 丙二醛含量
Malondialdehyde
content/(mmol·g−1) 脯氨酸含量
Proline
content/(μg·g−1) 叶绿素含量
Chlorophyll
content/(mg·g−1) 过氧化氢酶活性
Catalase
activity/[U·(g·min)−1] 灌溉量
Irrigation amount (IA) 0 m3·hm−2 8.05 ± 0.92b 28.10 ± 0.64a 1.95 ± 0.14 982 ± 85 1 200 m3·hm−2 13.40 ± 0.72a 18.50 ± 2.61b 2.09 ± 0.08 1 353 ± 124 1 800 m3·hm−2 9.32 ± 0.78b 11.80 ± 0.60b 2.24 ± 0.08 999 ± 173 2 400 m3·hm−2 9.74 ± 0.77b 23.00 ± 4.14ab 2.28 ± 0.09 950 ± 90 施氮量
Nitrogen application rate (N) 0 kg·hm−2 8.05 ± 0.92 28.10 ± 0.64a 1.95 ± 0.14 982 ± 85ab 160 kg·hm−2 9.48 ± 1.09 25.80 ± 4.41a 2.12 ± 0.07 701 ± 80b 240 kg·hm−2 11.50 ± 0.97 14.10 ± 0.58b 2.33 ± 0.10 1 255 ± 118a 320 kg·hm−2 11.40 ± 0.72 13.50 ± 0.70b 2.17 ± 0.08 1 347 ± 122a P IA 0.001 0.014 0.157 0.137 N 0.139 0.002 0.115 0.001 IA×N 0.212 0.000 0.626 0.568

表 4 各项指标的相关性

Table 4 Correlation analysis of various indicators

指标 Item TN PH LA FMY DMY DMC MDA Pr Ch Cat Pn Ci Gtw Gtc Tr Gsw TN 1.000 PH 0.455* 1.000 LA 0.427* 0.868** 1.000 FMY 0.208 0.065 0.057 1.000 DMY 0.187 0.058 0.156 0.830** 1.000 DMC −0.072 −0.027 0.128 −0.410* 0.153 1.000 MDA 0.032 −0.011 −0.097 0.058 −0.027 −0.194 1.000 Pr −0.160 −0.008 0.052 −0.446* −0.216 0.435* −0.221 1.000 Ch 0.212 0.469** 0.407* 0.292 0.154 −0.272 −0.111 −0.254 1.000 Cat 0.104 −0.066 −0.121 0.250 −0.078 −0.512** 0.310 −0.304 0.219 1.000 Pn 0.582** 0.508** 0.582** 0.031 −0.118 −0.281 0.166 −0.078 0.068 0.248 1.000 Ci −0.567** −0.508** −0.541** 0.094 0.137 0.020 0.099 0.098 0.001 0.009 −0.810** 1.000 Gtw −0.285 −0.111 −0.143 0.173 0.170 −0.076 −0.062 0.342 −0.039 0.065 −0.253 0.584** 1.000 Gtc −0.407* −0.194 −0.185 0.079 −0.029 −0.243 0.197 0.137 0.025 0.259 −0.176 0.576** 0.746** 1.000 Tr −0.402* −0.091 −0.125 0.140 0.000 −0.294 0.227 0.138 0.073 0.278 −0.129 0.518** 0.694** 0.967** 1.000 Gsw −0.298 −0.244 −0.274 −0.013 −0.106 −0.199 0.390* 0.184 −0.010 0.358 −0.216 0.615** 0.573** 0.844** 0.808** 1.000 　*，P < 0.05；**，P < 0.01。TN，分蘖数；PH，株高；LA，叶面积；FMY，鲜物质产量；DMY，干物质产量；DMC，干物质含量；MDA，丙二醛；Pr，脯氨酸；Ch，叶绿素；Cat，过氧化氢酶。下图同。
　*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01. TN, tiller number; PH, plant height; FMY, fresh matter yield; DMY, dry matter yield; DMC, dry matter content; MDA, malondialdehyd; Pr, proline; Ch, chlorophyll; Cat, catalase. This is [1]

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