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南方6类挺水植物净化污水氮素的对比试验研究

花匠小妙招
2025-05-22 20:32

DOI:

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作者:

谌宏伟 1,2,3

谌宏伟

长沙理工大学水利与环境工程学院,湖南长沙 410114；长沙理工大学水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙 410114；长沙理工大学洞庭湖水环境治理与生态修复湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙 410114；湖南省水文水资源勘测中心,湖南长沙 410005
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蔡雪璨 1

蔡雪璨

杨欣怡 1

杨欣怡

辛龙 1

辛龙

喻娓厚 4

喻娓厚

周慧 4

周慧

于莎莎 4

于莎莎

作者单位:

(1.长沙理工大学水利与环境工程学院,湖南长沙 410114;2.长沙理工大学水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙 410114;3.长沙理工大学洞庭湖水环境治理与生态修复湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙 410114;4.湖南省水文水资源勘测中心,湖南长沙 410005)

中图分类号:

X173

基金项目:

湖南省水利一般科技项目(XSKJ2019081-43)；湖南省水利重大科研项目(XSKJ2019081-09)

Experimental study on the removal of nitrogen from sewage by 6 types of emergent plants in South China

Author:

CHEN Hong-wei 1,2,3

CHEN Hong-wei

School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,Changsha University of Science & Technology,Changsha 410114,China; Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha University of Science& Technology,Changsha 410114,China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province,Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114,China; Hunan Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Center,Changsha 410005,China
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CAIXue-can 1

CAIXue-can

YANG Xin-yi 1

YANG Xin-yi

XIN Long 1

XIN Long

YU Wei-hou 4

YU Wei-hou

ZHOU Hui 4

ZHOU Hui

YUSha-sha 4

YUSha-sha

Affiliation:

(1.School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,Changsha University of Science & Technology,Changsha 410114,China; 2.Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha University of Science& Technology,Changsha 410114,China; 3.Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province,Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114,China; 4.Hunan Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Center,Changsha 410005,China)

摘要 | | 访问统计 | 参考文献 [22] | | || 文章评论

摘要:

【目的】对比研究各类挺水植物对污水中总氮和氨氮的净化效果和机理。【方法】筛选水芹菜、鱼腥草、再力花、风车草、花叶芦竹和香根草6类挺水植物,采用室外大棚无土水培种植试验,定期检测4 类污水总氮与氨氮含量、pH、DO 及植物生理指标、环境温度。【结果】①在试验前14d，各类植物对污水中氨氮和总氮的去除率快速升高,到第21天,升高速率减缓,到第28天,部分出现一定程度的反弹,此后振荡升高直至基本稳定。② 随着污水浓度的上升,植物除氮能力也随之提高。植物代谢能力和生长趋势与植物除氮能力呈正相关关系。③ 试验污水pH 均下降。其中，再力花盆栽系统中污水的pH 下降幅度最大,污水浓度大小与pH 变化的相关性不明显,DO含量有一定的起伏变化，但水体环境基本为氧化环境。各类植物中花叶芦竹和再力花试验污水的DO含量相对较高。【结论】植物自身生长需要和植物根系的微生物活动是挺水植物净化水体氮素的主要机制。过氧化氢酶活性、根系活力和植物生长量等与植物净化水体氮污染能力呈正相关关系。推荐再力花和花叶芦竹作为南方构建湿地系统处理氮素污水的首选挺水植物。

Abstract:

[Purposes]The paper aims to compare and study the purification effect and mechanism of various emergent plants on total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in sewage[Methods]Six types of emergent plants, including Oenanthe javanica(Bl.)DC., Houttuynia cordata thunb, Thalia dealbata Fraser, Cyperus alternifolius(L.) Rikli,Arundo donaxvar. versicolor and Vetiveria zizanioides (L.)Nash, were selected, through outdoor greenhouse soilless hydroponic planting test, the content of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen, pH, DO of the four types of sewage, plant physiological indicators and environmental temperature were tested regularly. [Findings]① During the first 14 d of the test,the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in sewage increases rapidly, and on the 21st day,the increase rate slows down,and on the 28th day,a certain degree of rebound occurs in some parts.After that, it fluctuates until basically stable. ② As the concentration of sewage increases, the ability of plants to remove nitrogen also increases. The metabolic capacity and growth trend of plants are positively correlated with the ability of plants to remove nitrogen. ③ The pH of the experimental sewage drops.Among them,the pH of these wage in the potted plant system of Thalia dealbataFraser has the largest decrease, and the correlation between the concentration of the sewage and the change of pH is not obvious. The content of DO has certain fluctuations, but the water environment is basically oxidized. Among all kinds of plants, the content of DO in the experimental sewage of Arundo donaxvar. versicolor and Thalia dealbata Fraser is relatively higher. [Conclu-sions]The growth needs of plants and the microbial activities of plant roots are the main mechanisms for emergent plants to purify nitrogen in water bodies. Catalase activity,root vitality and plant growth are positively correlated with the ability of plants to purify nitrogen pollution in water bodies. It is recommended that Arundo donax var. versicolor and Thalia dealbata Fraser be selected as the first emergent plants to treat nitrogen-polluted sewage in wetland system construction in SouthChina.

引用本文

谌宏伟,蔡雪璨,杨欣怡,等.南方6类挺水植物净化污水氮素的对比试验研究[J].长沙理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2022,19(1):34-44.
CHEN Hong-wei, CAIXue-can, YANG Xin-yi, et al. Experimental study on the removal of nitrogen from sewage by 6 types of emergent plants in South China[J]. Journal of Changsha University of Science & Technology (Natural Science),2022,19(1):34-44.

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