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黄毛猕猴桃Actinidia fulvicoma Hance

花匠小妙招
2025-05-23 15:40

黄毛猕猴桃Actinidia fulvicoma Hance

别名：牛迈;糙毛猕猴桃;棕毛猕猴桃;牛奶猕猴桃;富宁;黄毛猕桃;绵毛猕猴桃;

科名：猕猴桃科 Actinidiaceae

属名：猕猴桃属 Actinidia

《中国植物志》第49(2)卷251页
  38．黄毛猕猴桃（拉汉种子植物名称）
  Actinidia fulvicoma Hance in Journ. Bot. 23: 321. 1885; Dunn in Journ.Linn. Soc. Bot. 39: 409. 1911, quoad Ford 109, excl. specim. Guizhou.
  中型半常绿藤本；着花小枝一般长10-15厘米，径约3毫米，密被黄褐色绵毛或锈色长硬毛，有稀疏细小皮孔，隔年枝灰褐色，直径3-5毫米或稍大，一般多少有毛被残迹，皮孔小且疏，很不显著；髓白色，片层状。叶纸质至亚革质，卵形、阔卵形、长卵形至披针状长卵形、或卵状长圆形，长8-18厘米，宽4.5-10厘米，顶端渐尖至短尖或钝，基部通常浅心形，偶见钝形，边缘具睫状小齿，腹面绿色，密被糙伏毛或蛛丝状长柔毛，或被短糙伏毛而毛易断损成颗粒状，或仅中脉和侧脉被或长或短的糙伏毛，背面淡绿色，密被或深或浅的黄褐色星状绒毛，大小叶脉上的毛颜色较深，因此从中脉至网状小脉都十分显著易见，侧脉9-10对；叶柄较粗厚，长1-3厘米，密被黄褐色绵毛或锈色长硬毛。聚伞花序密被黄褐色绵毛，通常3花；花序柄4-10毫米，花柄7-20毫米；苞片钻形，长2-6毫米；花白色，半开展，径约17毫米；萼片5片，卵形至长方长卵形，长4-9毫米，外面被绵毛，内面无毛或中部薄被绒毛；花瓣5片，无毛，倒卵形至倒长卵形，长6-17毫米；花丝长3-7毫米，花药黄色，卵状箭头形，长1-1.2毫米；子房球形，径约3.5毫米，密被黄褐色绒毛，花柱斜举，长约4 毫米。果卵珠形至卵状圆柱形，幼时被绒毛，成熟后秃净，暗绿色，长约1.5-2厘米，具斑点，宿存萼片反折；种子纵径1毫米强。花期5月中旬-6月下旬，果熟期11月中旬。
  产广东中部至北部和湖南及江西的南部。生于海拔130-400米山地疏林中或灌丛中。模式标本采自广东罗浮山。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Actinidia fulvicoma Hance
黄毛猕猴桃 huang mao mi hou tao
Climbing shrubs, small to mid-sized, semi-evergreen. Floral branchlets densely brownish tomentose to ferruginous hirsute or brownish velutinous, older branches glabrous or with ± relict hairs, lenticels inconspicuous; pith white, lamellate. Petiole 1-5 cm, densely yellowish tomentose or densely brownish long hirsute or velutinous; leaf blade adaxially green, narrowly ovate to broadly ovate to orbicular-ovate, or narrowly ovate to ovate-lanceolate to oblong, 6-18 × 2.5-10 cm, papery to leathery, abaxially densely yellowish to sparsely grayish stellate tomentose, adaxially scabrous to densely softly strigose to strigose or pilose, sometimes only strigose or pilose on midvein and lateral veins, rarely glabrous, midvein and lateral veins conspicuous abaxially, inconspicuous to subconspicuous adaxially, lateral veins 7-10 pairs, base rounded to cordate, margin setose-serrulate, apex acuminate to long acuminate. Inflorescences cymose, 1-7-flowered, densely brownish villous-pubescent; peduncles 4-10 mm; pedicels 0.7-2 cm; bracts subulate, 2-6 mm. Flowers white. Sepals 5, ovate to oblong-ovate, 4-9 mm, abaxially densely brownish tomentose. Petals 5, obovate to narrowly obovate, 0.6-1.7 cm. Filaments 3-7 mm; anthers yellow, ovoid, ca. 1 mm, sagittate at base. Ovary globose, ca. 3.5 mm in diam., densely yellowish villous; styles ca. 4 mm. Fruit ovoid to oblong-ovoid, 1.5-2 cm, glabrous when mature, lenticellate; persistent sepals reflexed. Seeds ca. 1 mm. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Oct.
● Mountain forests, sparse forests, thickets, mountain slopes; 100-1800 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, S Jiangxi, Yunnan.