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贵州紫皮百香果果腐病病原菌的鉴定及其与各发育阶段真菌微生物群落的关系

花匠小妙招
2025-08-26 15:04

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基金项目:

贵州省创新平台建设计划(黔科中引地[2020]4018号)；贵阳学院研究生科研基金项目(GYU–YJS[2021]–44)

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摘要:

对分离自贵州紫皮百香果果腐病病原菌进行形态学及分子鉴定，确定致病菌15株，分属可可毛色二孢菌(Lasiodiplodia brasiliensis)，层出镰孢菌(Fusarium proliferatum)，间作壳菌(Diaporthe tectonendophytica、D. unshiuensis、D. tectonae、D. hubeiensis)；致病性观察显示，15株致病菌中包括弱致病力菌株1株、中致病力菌株4株、较强致病力菌株4株、强致病力菌株6株，L. brasiliensis菌株BXG–Z–1及D. hubeiensis菌株均为强致病力菌株。分析百香果不同发育阶段真菌微生物多样性，结果表明，百香果花、百香果幼果、百香果成熟果实真菌OTU数量分别为26、23、20， Simpson指数为0.095~0.113，真菌群落多样化程度低；Shannon指数均低于0.5，真菌微生物类群落分布均匀程度低，与之相对应的，Microdium spp.相对丰度在百香果不同发育阶段均超过90%；百香果花中Cladosporium spp.、Ruinenia spp.相对丰度最高，幼果时降至最低，至成熟果实期又再次上升；百香果花中Trichoderma spp.、Bipolaris spp.、Amanita spp.、Monilinia spp.、Cercospora spp.相对丰度显著高于百香果幼果的，并随着果实发育成熟降至最低。

Abstract:

Fungal pathogens causing rot disease of purple passion fruit in Guizhou were isolated, morphology and molecular identification showed 15 pathogen strains belonged to Lasiodiplodia brasiliensis, Fusarium proliferatum, Diaporthe tectonendophytica, Diaporthe unshiuensis, D. tectonae and D. hubeiensis. Pathogenicity study revealed that 1 strain showed weak virulence, 4 strains showed moderate virulence, 4 strains showed fairly strong virulence, and 6 strains showed strong virulence. Lasiodiplodia brasiliensis strain BXG-Z-1 and D. hubeiensis strains showed strong virulence. Diversity analysis of fungal communities at different periods of development of purple passion fruit showed that fungal community OTUs of purple passion fruit in fruit flowers, young fruits and mature fruits were 26, 23 and 20 respectively, while simpson index ranged from 0.095 to 0.113, which indicated low richness of fungal community. Shannon index of all samples was below 0.5, indicating low evenness of fungal community, and correspondingly, relative abundance of Microdium spp. exceeded 90% at different growth period of passion fruit. However fungi with low relatively abundance have significant changes during different growth periods of purple passion fruit: relative abundance of Cladosporium spp., and Ruinenia spp. in the flower stage of passion fruit were the highest, and decreased to the lowest in young fruit stage, and increased again in mature fruit stage, while relative abundance of Trichoderma spp., Bipolaris spp., Amanita spp., Monilinia spp. and Cercospora spp. in flower stage were significantly higher than that in young fruit stage, and further decreased to the lowest at maturity stage.

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雷霁卿,石银娜,巴良杰,吉宁,王瑞.贵州紫皮百香果果腐病病原菌的鉴定及其与各发育阶段真菌微生物群落的关系[J].湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）,2024,50(2):．

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