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樟子松林真菌调及其共生菌根形态类型研究.pdf免费全文阅读

花匠小妙招
2025-09-30 10:15

樟子松林真菌调及其共生菌根形态类型研究

摘要樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica L.)是欧洲赤松(P.sylvestris L.) 在中国东北、内蒙古的一个地理变种，具有生长快、耐干旱、耐瘠薄、抗寒冷、材质好、树形美观等特点，已成为“三北”防护林建设的主要造林树种。樟子松林内菌类资源十分丰富，但对林内大型真菌的资源调查工作进行的较少，尤其是从樟子松为出发点，以菌根共生体为研究对象的工作基本上属于空白。本文主要对樟子松林内采集到的多种外生菌根进行了外部形态和解剖学结构特征的研究。通过对外生菌根宏观形态及显微结构的观察，观察并描述了这些菌根的外部形态特征，主要包括：菌根的颜色及分支状况、菌索的有无、外延菌丝形态、菌套表面质地和囊状体的有无；同时结合菌根的解剖结构特征，如内、外层菌套的菌丝排列方式、菌丝和菌索的结构特征等，对采集到的菌根进行了分类。结果表明，与樟子松共生的外生菌根共有 19 个形态类型，其中鉴定出的类群中属于担子菌亚门的有15株，子囊菌亚门的有4 株。同时对樟子松林内大型真菌进行了调查，鉴定出15 类真菌隶属于担子菌亚门4 目10 科 15 属15 种。关键词：樟子松；外生菌根；形态解剖学特征；真菌多样性 The Fungi Survey of Pinus Sylvestris var. Mongolica Litv and Research on Ectomycorrhiza Morphology Type Abstract Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv is a geographic variants of Europe Akamatsu in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia.As a valuable conifer tree species (cold-resistant, drought-resistant and fast-growing tree), Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv has become a major tree species on sandy land in arid and semiarid areas in“Three north”regions (north,northwest and northeast of China). Furgi resources are very rich in the forest of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv, but the work of fungi resources survey is not much. In this study,taking mycorrhizal sysbiosis as the study object, from Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv starting and from the morphological and anatomical angle, studied these ectomycorrhizal types systematicly, and comprehensive characteristic of 19 ectomycorrhizal types were described using photographs and words. At the same times, on this basis, made a generalization and drawn a conclusion on ectomycorrhizal colour, morphological characters, surface structure of mantle and anatomical characters in plan views and so on; Furth

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