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21种天然产物对小麦根腐病菌的抑菌活性

花匠小妙招
2025-10-31 05:45

摘要：

为探索小麦根腐病生防途径,筛选有效抑菌物质,达到农药减量的目的。以禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum)、刺腐霉菌(Pythium spinosum)和小麦离蠕孢菌(Bipolaris sorokiniana)为供试材料,采用菌丝生长法测定了21种天然产物的抑菌活性。结果表明,反式细辛醚和顺式细辛醚对禾谷镰刀菌效果显著,EC50值分别为69.99 mg/L和130.23 mg/L;白藜芦醇、顺式细辛醚和柠檬精油对刺腐霉菌有明显抑菌活性,EC50值分别为24.4683 mg/L、71.02 mg/L和79.83 mg/L;丁香酚油和白藜芦醇对小麦根腐离蠕孢菌抑菌活性显著,EC50值分别为14.06 mg/L和22.09 mg/L。因此,丁香酚、反式细辛醚、顺式细辛醚、白藜芦醇能有效抑制小麦根腐病菌的生长,在小麦根腐病生物防治方面具有很大应用潜力。

关键词: 小麦根腐病, 禾谷镰刀菌, 刺腐霉菌, 离蠕孢菌, 天然产物, 抑菌活性

Abstract:

This study aims at exploring biological control of wheat root rot, screening effective natural antifungal substances, and achieving the purpose of fungicide reduction. Using Fusarium graminearum, Pythium spinosum and Bipolaris sorokiniana as materials, the antifungal activities of 21 natural products were determined by mycelial growth method. The results showed that the trans-asarone and cis-asarone had significant effects on Fusarium graminearum, the EC50 was 69.99 mg/L and 130.23 mg/L, respectively. Resveratrol, cis-asarone and lemon essential oil had obvious antifungal activity against Pythium spinosum, the EC50 was 24.4683 mg/L, 71.02 mg/L and 79.83 mg/L, respectively. Eugenol and resveratrol had significant effects on Bipolaris sorokiniana, the EC50 was 14.06 mg/L and 22.09 mg/L, respectively. Therefore, eugenol, trans-asarone, cis-asarone, lemon essential oil and resveratrol could effectively inhibit the pathogenic growth of wheat root rot, which have great potentials in biological control of wheat root rot.

Key words: wheat root rot, Fusarium graminearum, Pythium spinosum, Bipolaris sorokiniana, natural products, antifungal activity

中图分类号:

S482.2