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贺兰山东麓‘马瑟兰’葡萄果实花色苷和原花色素特性的分析

花匠小妙招
2025-11-30 23:06

DOI:

作者单位:

1.茅台学院;2.西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院;3.宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄酒产业园区管理委员会;4.宁夏气象科学研究所 E-mail;5.中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心

基金项目:

宁夏自治区重点研发计划(2021BEF02017,2022BBF02014)；遵市科合HZ字(2022)173号；遵市科合HZ字(2021)310号

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摘要:

为了研究宁夏贺兰山东麓不同区域酿酒葡萄‘马瑟兰’果实的花色苷和原花色素特性，以及综合品质的区域差异性，为该品种在贺兰山东麓产区的推广和栽培管理提供参考。本研究以银川、农垦玉泉营、青铜峡和红寺堡4个子产区10个代表性酒庄的‘马瑟兰’葡萄为试验材料，通过偏最小二乘法判别分析（PLS-DA）筛选造成酒庄间果实品质差异的酚类物质指标，并采用主成分分析法（PCA）对不同酒庄‘马瑟兰’果实品质进行综合评价。结果表明：（1）10个酒庄‘马瑟兰’果实的基本理化指标、花色苷和原花色素组分与含量均存在差异，红寺堡酒庄（H-Hs）葡萄果皮的花色苷和原花色素含量均为最高，分别为111.91 mg·g-1 DW和35.68 mg·g-1 DW。米擒酒庄（Y-Mq）葡萄种子原花色素含量最高，为108.67 mg·g-1 DW。（2）基于果实花色苷和原花色素特性，采用聚类分析将10个酒庄划分为4类，其中H-Hs单独为一类，且能很好地与其他酒庄分开。（3）PLS-DA分析表明，种子原花色素的表儿茶素没食子酸酯末端亚基（ECG-p）和表儿茶素末端亚基（EC-p）所占摩尔百分比、果皮总花色苷含量和非酰化花色苷含量、果皮原花色素的EC-p所占摩尔百分比是区分10个酒庄果实品质差异的主要指标。（4）PCA分析表明，果实品质综合评价排名前三的酒庄为红寺堡子产区红寺堡酒庄、银川子产区米擒酒庄和青铜峡子产区华昊酒庄。综上，贺兰山东麓‘马瑟兰’葡萄果实花色苷和原花色素特性表现出明显的产地差异性。

Abstract:

In order to study the anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin characteristics of wine grape Marselan in different regions of the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in Ningxia, as well as the regional differences of comprehensive berry quality, and provide guidance for the scientific extension and viticulture of this variety in the eastern foot of Helan Mountain. In this study, Marselan grapes from 10 representative wineries belonging to four sub-region of Yinchuan, Nongken Yuquanying, Qingtongxia and Hongsipu were used as experimental materials. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to screen the phenolic substances resulted in the differences of berry quality among sampling wineries. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to comprehensively evaluate the berry quality of Marselan grapes from different wineries. The results showed that: (1)There were significant differences for the basic physicochemical indexes, the composition and contents of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in Marselan berries among the ten wineries. The total content of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in skins from Hongsipu winery (H-Hs) were the highest, which were 111.91 mg·g-1 DW and 35.68 mg·g-1 DW, respectively. The highest proanthocyanidins content in seeds was found in Miqin winery (Y-Mq), which was 108.67 mg·g-1 DW. (2) Based on the characteristics of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in berry, ten wineries were divided into four groups by cluster analysis. H-Hs winery was classified separately and could be well separated from other wineries. (3) According to the PLS-DA analysis, the molar percentage of epicatechin gallate terminal subunit (ECG-p) and epicatechin terminal subunit (EC-p) of proanthocyanidins in seeds, the total anthocyanins content, non-acylated anthocyanins content and the molar percentage of EC-p of proanthocyanidins in skins were the main indicators to distinguish the berry quality among the ten wineries. (4) PCA analysis showed that the top three wineries based on the comprehensive evaluation of berry quality were Hongsipu winery in Hongsipu sub-region, Miqin winery in Yinchuan sub-region and Huahao winery in Qingtongxia sub-region. In conclusion, the characteristics of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in Marselan grape berries at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain showed significant differences among producing regions.

引用本文

赵益梅,刘伟强,崔萍,等.贺兰山东麓‘马瑟兰’葡萄果实花色苷和原花色素特性的分析[J].西北植物学报,2023,43(10):1683-1693

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