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生长调节剂对低温胁迫烟草的缓解效果

花匠小妙招
2026-03-24 02:06

摘要：

为科学评估生长调节剂对于缓解烟草低温危害的实际效果，本研究借助人工气候箱，将烟苗置于8℃环境下进行处理，并对其喷施不同浓度的“沃泰宝”与“百安得”生长调节剂。在喷施前以及喷施1~3次后，对烟苗的生长发育状况展开详细调查，同时测定叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)等酶的活性，以及根系活力、丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸（Pro）的含量。研究结果显示，在苗期遭遇低温胁迫后，烟苗的根系活力呈现出先上升后下降的变化趋势；SOD活性呈持续增加态势；POD、CAT、PPO活性以及脯氨酸含量均表现为先降低后增加的趋势。喷施不同浓度的“沃泰宝”和“百安得”生长调节剂，均能够显著提高烟苗的壮苗指数和根系活力，同时提升保护酶活性、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量。具体而言，“沃泰宝”喷施3次可有效提高烟苗壮苗指数，且3个不同浓度处理之间的效果差异并不显著；“沃泰宝”稀释200倍喷施1次、稀释500倍和800倍喷施2次，对提高烟苗根系活力具有最佳效果；“沃泰宝”稀释200倍喷施3次，在提高烟叶SOD和PPO酶活性、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量方面效果最为突出。“百安得”稀释750倍喷施2次和3次，分别能够最有效地提高烟苗根系活力和壮苗指数；“百安得”稀释1500倍喷施3次，在提高烟叶保护酶活性、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量方面效果最佳。综上所述，生长调节剂可通过调节烟叶的生理指标，有效缓解低温胁迫对烟草造成的危害。基于此，建议采用“沃泰宝”稀释200倍喷施2~3次，或者“百安得”稀释750~1500倍喷施2~3次的处理方式。

关键词: 生长调节剂, 烟草, 低温, 保护酶, 根系活力, 丙二醛, 脯氨酸

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of commercial growth regulators on alleviating the harm of low temperaturestress. Tobacco seedlings were treated with artificial climate box at 8℃, and different concentrations of commercial growth regulators ‘Wotaibao’ and ‘Baiande’ were sprayed. The growth of tobacco seedlings before spraying and after spraying 1 time, 2 times and 3 times was investigated. The activities of SOD, POD, PPO and CAT in leaves were detected, and the root activity, MDA and proline content were measured. After low temperature stressat seedling stage, the root activity of tobacco seedlings showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing; the activity of SOD showed an increasing trend; the activity of POD, CAT, PPO and proline content showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing. The seedling index, root activity, protective enzyme activity, malondialdehyde and proline content were all increased after spraying the commercial growth regulators ‘Wotaibao’ and ‘Baiande’ at different concentrations.The strong seedling index was effectively improved after spraying ‘Wotaibao’ for 3 times, and the effects of 3 concentrations were not significantly different. Spraying ‘Wotaibao’ diluted 200 times once, and diluted 500 times and 800 times twice had the best effect on improving root activity.Spraying three times with 200 times dilution of ‘Wotaibao’ had the best effect on improving SOD and PPO enzyme activity, malondialdehyde and proline content. The root activity and seedling index were most effectively improved by spraying 750 times dilution of ‘Baiande’ for 2-3 times.The effect of increasing protective enzyme activity, malondialdehyde and proline content was the best after spraying ‘Baiande’ diluted 1500 times for 3 times. The harm of low temperature stress was alleviated through physiological index changes after spraying commercial growth regulators ‘Wotaibao’ and ‘Baiande’.Based on this, it is recommended to use ‘Wotaibao’ diluted 200 times to spray 2-3 times, or ‘Baiande’ diluted 750-1500 times to spray 2-3 times.

Key words: growth regulator, tobacco, low temperature, protective enzymes, root viability, malondialdehyde, proline