首页 > 分享 > 城市绿化对空气质量的影响研究——以中国27个省会城市为例

城市绿化对空气质量的影响研究——以中国27个省会城市为例

花匠小妙招
2024-11-02 02:28

摘要： 城市间绿化程度与空气污染比较及相关差异分析是提出城市环境管理措施的重要前提。选择全国27个主要省会城市，基于网络街景照片测定绿色指数差异，对比空气主要质量指标[空气质量指数（AQI）、细颗粒物（PM2.5）、可吸入颗粒物（PM10）、二氧化硫（SO2）、二氧化氮（NO2）、臭氧（O3）、一氧化碳（CO）]的基础上，探讨了二者相关关系，旨在为提升环境质量、改善绿化水平提供基础数据。结果表明：（1）济南市和重庆市的绿色指数最高，分别达到是11.70%和11.55%，呼和浩特市和拉萨市城市绿色指数最低，在4%~5%。（2）海口市的空气质量最好，AQI为39.66，郑州市和济南市的空气质量最差，AQI年均值分别为117.34和113.93。但是不同空气指标城市排序间差异较大，比如PM2.5、PM10、NO2以及SO2年平均最低的城市都是海口，拉萨市年平均CO含量最低（0.55 mg·m-3），哈尔滨市年平均O3含量最低（77.08 μg·m-3）。（3）相关关系分析发现，增加城市的绿色程度，伴随着空气质量的改善，如沈阳、南宁、合肥等城市；但对于某些城市，则存在明显的正相关，如兰州、昆明、贵阳等城市，这意味着城市越绿伴随着空气污染的加重。尽管大量研究已经表明，城市绿色植被能够起到滞尘降低污染的作用，目前我国主要城市的空气污染程度，仅依靠城市绿化改善已经远远不够，甚至某一些城市绿色植被存在阻碍空气流通的作用。上述研究结果为科学规划城市绿化、提升空气质量提供基础数据支撑。

关键词: 城市间比较, 城市森林与绿化, 绿色指数, 空气质量指数, 耦合关系

Abstract: The comparison of urban greening-viewing degree, air pollution and their and related differences analysis are important prerequisites for urban environmental management measures. We selected 27 provincial capital cities of China and measured street-view urban green viewing index based on the network street photo for comparing the main air quality indicators, including air quality index(AQI), fine particulate matter(PM2.5), respirable particulate matter(PM10), sulfur dioxide(SO2), nitrogen dioxide(NO2), ozone(O3) and carbon monoxide(CO). Based on these data, the related relationship is discussed between the urban green viewing index and air quality indicators. The aiming is to provide a basis for enhancing environmental quality and improving greening levels. Results showed that:(1)Jinan and Chongqing have the highest green index, reaching 11.70% and 11.55%, respectively. The green index of Hohhot and Lhasa city is the lowest, ranging in 4%-5%. (2)The city with the best air quality is located in Haikou, with AQI of 39.66. The air quality of Zhengzhou and Jinan is the worst. The average annual AQI values are 117.34 and 113.93, respectively. However, according to different air indicators, the order of these cities is quite different. For example, the lowest average annual cities of the lowest PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and SO2 are Haikou. Lhasa has the lowest annual average CO content(CO is 0.55 mg·m-3). While the lowest O3 content(77.08 μg·m-3) is in Harbin. (3)Correlation analysis found that the air quality of some cities is improved with increasing the green level, such as Shenyang, Nanning, Hefei, etc. On the other hand, but they also have a significant positive correlation for some cities, including Lanzhou, Kunming, and Guiyang, meaning that the greener level of is increasing air pollution in these cities. (4)Although many studies have shown that urban green vegetation can play the role of dust retention and pollution reduction, the current level of air pollution in major cities in China is far from enough to rely on urban greening improvement. Even green vegetation hinders air circulation in some cities. The above research results provide basic data support for scientific planning urban greening and improving air quality.

Key words: inter-city comparison, urban forest and greening, green viewing index, air quality index, coupling relation

中图分类号:

S732