大樱桃传粉昆虫的调查研究

• 花匠小妙招
• 2024-11-03 11:16

中国农学通报 2012,28(25):272-276 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 大樱桃传粉昆虫的调查研究 张云毅，武文卿，马卫华，邵有全 （山西省农业科学院园艺研究所，太原030031） 摘 要：为了探明大樱桃传粉昆虫的种类和数量。在山西省大樱桃主产区以样地调查法与定点网捕方式 调查绛县申王坡村、史村的大樱桃花期传粉昆虫。结果表明：（1）采集标本3290 头，经鉴定共分为4 个目 15 个科26 个种。在传粉昆虫中膜翅目占64.83%~74.81% ，膜翅目传粉昆虫中以蜜蜂科为主；（2 ）β多样 性分析显示，平川区和山区2 个调查样地传粉昆虫群落相似性系数为0.63 ，沿着从山区到平川区环境梯 度的变化，物种有相对减少趋向；（3）9:00—11:00 为昆虫采集活动高峰时段，按一天中采集昆虫数量排 序依次为蜜蜂、地蜂、食蚜蝇和条蜂；气温10℃时，开始有昆虫活动，最早出巢活动的昆虫为蜜蜂。大樱 桃访花昆虫种类较多，膜翅目昆虫是大樱桃花期的主要传粉昆虫，山区传粉昆虫的物种较平川丰富。 关键词：大樱桃；传粉昆虫；膜翅目；群落相似性；温度 中图分类号：Q968 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2012-1258 TheInvestigationofCherryPollinators Zhang Yunyi, Wu Wenqing, Ma Weihua, Shao Youquan (TheHorticulturalInstitute,ShanxiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences, Taiyuan 030031) Abstract: In order to research species and numbers of cherry pollinators. The author used sample survey and netting in the fixed points to survey pollinators of cherry flowering in the Shenwangpo Village and the Shi Village in Jiang County of cherry major producing areas of Shanxi Province. The results showed that: ( 1) 3290 specimens were collected, through identification they belonged to 4 orders, 15 families, 26 species, Hymenoptera was 64.83%-74.81% of cherry pollinators, Apidae was the major pollinators of Hymenoptera. (2) β diversity analysis showed that, pollinators community similarity coefficient was 0.63 at mountain area and plain area, along the changes of environmental gradient from mountain area to plain area, species showed a relative reducing trend. (3) Peak times of insects collection activities was 9:00-11:00, according to the numbers of collected insects from many to few one day

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