少花蒺藜草生物生态学特征与综合防除策略
摘要： 少花蒺藜草（Cenchrus pauciflorus）分布于辽宁省西北部、内蒙古自治区东部和吉林省南部三省交汇区，是恶性外来入侵物种之一，具有高抗逆性、高繁殖力、传播途径多样和高侵染力等特点，对草地产量、质量和生物多样性、畜牧业生产和人民生产生活造成严重影响，然而尚缺乏有效的防治手段。本文综述了少花蒺藜草生物学特性、生态学特性、传播途径、危害性和现有防除措施的最新研究进展，分析了现有防除措施存在的问题，提出了少花蒺藜草综合防除策略，并展望了未来理论研究与技术研发方向，旨在为我国北方少花蒺藜草防除提供科学依据。
关键词: 恶性外来物种, 生物学特性, 生态学特性, 传播途径, 危害性
Abstract: Cenchrus pauciflorus, one of the malignant alien plant species, is distributed in the intersection of northwest Liaoning, eastern part of Inner Mongolia, and southern Jilin. It has caused serious impacts on grassland productivity, grassland quality, and biodiversity, due to its high resistance, high propagation capability, multiple dispersal routes, and high invasiveness. The effective measures on how to control the species are scarce. We reviewed biological characteristics, ecological characteristic, dispersal routes, harmfulness, and the current preventive measures. We analyzed the pros and cons of current preventive measures and proposed an integrated management strategy for the control of the invasive species. The future directions for theoretical research and development of control technology were prospected to provide basis for elimination of Cenchrus pauciflorus in northern China.
Key words: malignant alien plant, biological characteristic, ecological characteristic, dispersal route, harmfulness.
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