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柳杉毛虫的主要寄生性天敌种类调查

花匠小妙招
2024-11-09 08:59

摘要： 柳杉毛虫Dendrolimus houi（Lajonquiere）是严重为害我国柳杉Cryptomeria fortunei（Hooibrenk）的最主要食叶害虫之一，调查柳杉毛虫的寄生性天敌资源并开展寄生效能初步评价，对于进一步筛选获得优势天敌种类并开展林间应用具有重要意义。本次调查采集并鉴定了柳杉毛虫的10种寄生性天敌：分别为松毛虫凸腿小蜂Kriechbaumerella dendrolimi（Sheng et Zhong）、广大腿小蜂Brachymeria lasus（Walker）、云南黑青金小蜂Dibrachys yunnanensis（Yang）、平背囊爪姬蜂Theronia depressa（Gupta）、短柄短角平腹小蜂Mesocomys breviscapis（Yao et Yang）、枯叶蛾短角平腹小蜂Mesocomys trabalae（Yao et Yang）、黑角狭颊寄蝇Carcelia nigrantennata（Chao et Liang）、蚕饰腹寄蝇Blepharipa zebina（Walker）、星毛虫狭颊寄蝇Carcelia illiberisi（Chao et Liang）、瘦钩鬃麻蝇Sarcorohdendorfia gracilior（Chen）；其中，云南黑青金小蜂、短柄短角平腹小蜂、枯叶蛾短角平腹小蜂、平背囊爪姬蜂、星毛虫狭颊寄蝇、黑角狭颊寄蝇6种为福建省新纪录种；同时柳杉毛虫也是首次报道为它们的自然寄主。同时松毛虫凸腿小蜂与短柄短角平腹小蜂具有较高的自然平均寄生率（7.24%和10.67%）和平均子代数量（33头/蛹与20头/雌），平背囊爪姬蜂平均子代蜂数较多（4头/寄主），且能与多种寄生性天敌联合控害，是其优势天敌种类。最后，简述其识别特征，以利进一步保护、开发和利用。

关键词: 柳杉毛虫, 柳杉, 寄生蜂, 寄生蝇

Abstract: Dendrolimus houi (Lajonquiere) is currently one of the most important caterpillars which infested needles of Cryptomeria fortunei (Hooibrenk) in South of China. Therefore, field investigation on parasitoid wasps and flies within D. houi is of great importance for suppression of caterpillars using their natural enemies and protection of C. fortunei forest stand where thousands of trees were killed by these caterpillars. Our results of investigation showed that there were 10 species of parasitoid wasps and flies within different stages of D. houi, they were Kriechbaumerella dendrolimi (Sheng et Zhong), Brachymeria lasus (Walker), Dibrachys yunnanensis (Yang), Theronia depressa (Gupta), Mesocomys breviscapis (Yao et Yang), Mesocomys trabalae (Yao et Yang), Carcelia illiberisi (Chao et Liang), Blepharipa zebina (Walker), Carcelia nigrantennata (Chao et Liang), Sarcorohdendorfia gracilior (Chen). Six species including D. yunnanensis, M. breviscapis, M. trabalae, T. depressa, C. nigrantennata and C. illiberisi were the new records in Fujian province, and it was the first report that they attacked catepillars of D. houi. Further investigation indicated that K. dendrolimi and M. breviscapis had higher parasitism rate (7.24% and 10.67%) and offsprings (33/pupa and 20/female). T. depressa had high offsprings (4/pupa), and can be combined with multiple parasitic wasps to supress population of D. houi. In addition, a brief description of phynotype was provided for the identification of above dominant species from the fields for better identification and application in the future.

Key words: Dendrolimus houi, Cryptomeria fortunei, parasitoid wasps, parasitic flies

中图分类号:

S763.4

S476.3