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缓解热岛效应的城市聚合型绿色基础设施植物景观生态适宜度评价

花匠小妙招
2024-11-09 12:38

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目“基于局部气候区尺度下的植物景观响应热岛效应机制和优化设计研究——以长三角城市为例”（编号：52178046）；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“高密度城区非正式线性健身网络识别、评价与优化研究”（编号：52208069）

Evaluation of the Ecological Suitability of Urban Aggregated Green Infrastructure Plant Landscapes to Mitigate the Urban Heat Island Effect

Author:

XIAO Xiangdong

Gold Mantis School of Architecture, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China, 215127
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SUN Weize

Gold Mantis School of Architecture, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China, 215127
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WANG Lifen

Gold Mantis School of Architecture, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China, 215127
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TAN Li ZHONG Yujia

ZHONG Yujia

Gold Mantis School of Architecture, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China, 215127
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摘要 | | 访问统计 | | | |

摘要:

城市聚合型绿色基础设施中的植物群落景观可以通过植物的降温和增湿作用，显著缓解热岛效应。然而，现有研究多聚焦于公园绿地的结构特征分析，而对热岛效应相关的公园绿地景观评价研究则相对不足。以苏州市白塘生态植物园为例，选取22个群落样方，以物种多样性、体感舒适度和空气颗粒物为准则层，物种个体数、物种丰富度、生态优势指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、综合舒适度指数和PM2.5数值等为指标层，结合层次分析法（AHP）和主成分分析法（PCA），以确定影响景观适宜性的关键指标及其权重，构建热岛效应导向下的景观适宜性评价体系，深入探究植物群落景观在缓解热岛效应中的作用。结果显示，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数权重贡献率最大，达22.48%；白塘植物园中55%的植物景观单元具有较高的适宜性，乔木种类多样性和乔灌比对景观适宜性具有显著影响，其中，当乔木种类超过5种且乔灌比接近6∶5时，景观单元具有较高的适宜性。根据研究结果，从地域性、多样性、层次性三个方面提出优化策略，旨在为城市热岛条件下的植物景观规划提供参考。

Abstract:

In urban integrated green infrastructure, plant community landscapes can significantly mitigate the heat island effect through plants’ cooling and humidifying effects. However, existing studies mainly focus on the structural characteristics of park green spaces, with relatively insufficient research on evaluating park green landscapes about the heat island effect. Using the Baitang Ecological Botanical Garden in Suzhou as an example, this study selected 22 community sample plots. Criteria layers included species diversity, thermal comfort, and air particulates. In contrast, indicator layers comprised the number of species individuals, species richness, ecological dominance index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index, comprehensive comfort index, and PM2.5 values. By combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), key indicators and their weights affecting landscape suitability were determined, and a landscape suitability evaluation system oriented towards the heat island effect was constructed to explore the role of plant community landscapes in mitigating the heat island effect. The evaluation results showed that the Shannon-Wiener diversity index had the highest weight contribution rate at 22.48%. In the Baitang Botanical Garden, 55% of the plant landscape units had high suitability, with tree species diversity and the ratio of trees to shrubs significantly impacting landscape suitability. Specifically, when the number of tree species exceeded five, and the tree-to-shrub ratio was close to 6∶5, the landscape units had high suitability. Based on the research results, optimization strategies from three aspects, regionality, diversity, and hierarchy, were proposed to provide references for plant landscape planning under urban heat island conditions.

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