螃蟹活动对闽江河口互花米草沼泽湿地土壤温室气体排放通量的影响
码上扫一扫！螃蟹活动对闽江河口互花米草沼泽湿地土壤温室气体排放通量的影响陈优阳，陈淑云，曾从盛，王维奇1.福建师范大学 地理研究所，福州 350007 2.湿润亚热带生态地理过程教育部重点实验室，福州 350007 摘要: 于2015年1月（冬季）、4月（春季）、6月（夏季）和9月（秋季），以闽江河口互花米草沼泽湿地为研究区，采用静态箱与气相色谱结合的方法，研究螃蟹对湿地土壤CO2、CH4和N2O排放通量及综合增温潜势的影响。研究表明：温室气体排放季节变化较为显著，CO2、CH4排放通量最大值均出现在夏季，N2O排放通量最大值出现在秋季，CO2、CH4和N2O排放通量最小值均出现在春季。与无螃蟹组相比，高潮滩和中潮滩螃蟹组CO2、CH4和N2O排放通量均值都增大，其中高潮滩螃蟹组CO2、CH4和N2O排放通量依次增大了46.36%、66.67%和69.66%，中潮滩螃蟹组CO2、CH4和N2O排放通量依次增大了53.57%、142.97%、73.08%。相关性分析结果表明：土壤CO2排放通量与土壤温度显著正相关（n=96，p＜0.05），CH4和N2O排放通量与土壤温度显著正相关（n=96，p＜0.01）；N2O排放通量与土壤pH显著正相关（n=96，p＜0.01），与土壤含水量显著正相关（n=96，p＜0.05）。综上所述，螃蟹活动对闽江河口互花米草沼泽湿地土壤的干扰促进了温室气体的排放，为有效调节湿地碳、氮固持作用和湿地生态系统科学管理提供了参考。关键词: 螃蟹 温室气体 互花米草湿地 闽江河口 DOI：10.7515/JEE182085 CSTR：32259.14.JEE182085 分类号: 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41571287）；福建省高校杰出青年科研人才培育计划 英文基金项目:National Natural Science Foundation of China (41571287); Outstanding Young Scientists in Fujian Province Effect of crabs activities on greenhouse gases emission fluxes in Spartina alterniflora Loisel marsh from Minjiang River estuaryCHEN Youyang, CHEN Shuyun, ZENG Congsheng, WANG Weiqi1. Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China 2. Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China Abstract: Background, aim, and scope In the case of a lack of understanding of the impact of macrobenthos on carbon and nitrogen cycle in estuarine wetlands, taken the Spartina alterniflora Loisel marsh in Minjiang River Estuary as the research area, the effects of crabs on soil CO2, CH4, N2O emission fluxes and the integrative warming were determined by the combined method of static box and gas chromatography on January (winter), April (spring), June (summer) and September (fall) of 2015. Materials and methods Based on Origin 8.0 and SPSS 20.0 software, the differences in soil temperature, pH, EC, and water content with different CO2, CH4 and N2O emission fluxes were analyzed. Correlation between emission fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O and environmental factors using Pearson correlation analysis. Results The research showed that seasonal change in greenhouse gas emission are more significant, and the maximum CO2 and CH4 emission fluxes appear in summer, and the maximum N2O emission flux appears in the fall, and the minimum fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions appear in the spring. The mean values of CO2, CH4 and N2O emission fluxes in the high-tide flat and the middle-tidal flat crab groups were increased compared with the non-crab group, and the soil CO2, CH4 and N2O emission fluxes of high-tide flat crab group were increased by 46.36%, 66.67% and 69.66%, and the soil CO2, CH4 and N2O emission fluxes in the middle-tidal flat crab group were increased by 53.57%, 142.97% and 73.08%. The results of correlation analysis revealed that soil CO2 emission fluxes were significantly and positively correlated with soil temperature (n=96, p＜0.05), and the CH4 and N2O emission fluxes were significantly and positively correlated with soil temperature (n=96, p＜0.01). The N2O emission fluxes were significantly and positively correlated with soil pH (n=96, p＜0.01), and were positive and correlation with the soil water content (n=96, p＜0.05). Discussion Carb activity directly or indirectly interfered with soil properties (pH, aeration, particle composition, etc.) and had a greater impact on wetland greenhouse gas emissions. Conclusions The disturbance of crab activities on the soil of Spartina alterniflora Loisel marsh in Minjiang River estuary promoted the increase of greenhouse gas emissions; soil temperature was the main environmental factor affecting greenhouse gas emissions from wetlands. Recommendations and perspectives Crab activity can influence the dynamic change of greenhouse gas emissions from wetlands from a new perspective, and provided reference for effectively regulating the carbon and nitrogen retention of wetlands and wetland ecosystem science management. 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