首页 > 分享 > 我国梨主产区氮磷钾配比施肥与产量的关系研究

我国梨主产区氮磷钾配比施肥与产量的关系研究

花匠小妙招
2024-11-12 15:48

[关键词]

[摘要]

为探析我国梨主产区通过氮磷钾施肥配比，在CNKI相关文献的基础上，对我国主要梨产区梨园氮磷钾配施情况与产量进行相关性分析，并建立产量模型。结果表明，我国梨果主产区梨园氮磷钾肥平均配比为1 ∶ 0.66 ∶ 0.66，平均产量为31.66 t/hm2。华北、长江流域、西北、黄河故道等4大梨产区梨园氮磷钾肥平均配比分别为1 ∶ 0.62 ∶ 0.79、1 ∶ 0.57 ∶ 0.85、1 ∶ 0.81∶ 0.32、1 ∶ 0.56 ∶ 0.79，平均产量分别为42.85、31.58、15.78、38.76 t/hm2。产量模型分析表明，我国梨果主产区氮磷钾各因素对产量的贡献度为K ＞ P ＞ N，各因素交互效应对产量的贡献度表现为P × K ＞ N × K ＞ N × P。4大梨产区氮磷钾各因素对产量的贡献度分别为K ＞ N ＞ P、P ＞ N ＞ K、K ＞ N ＞ P、N ＞ P ＞ K，各因素交互效应对产量的贡献度分别为N × P ＞ N × K ＞ P × K、N × P ＞ N × K ＞ P × K、N × P ＞ N × K ＞ P × K、N×K ＞ P × K ＞ N × P。可见影响我国各产区梨树产量的因素并不相同，肥料的投入也不相同，华北梨产区、长江流域梨产区、黄河故道梨产区侧重于氮、钾投入，而西北梨产区侧重于氮、磷投入，这与各地区的施肥习惯和土壤养分具有一定的关系。因此，在梨树栽培中应充分考虑当地土壤肥力因素进行配比施肥，以有效提高梨树产量。

[Key word]

[Abstract]

In order to analyze the improvement of pear tree yield by matching nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization in major pear fruit producing areas in China, the correlation analysis of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization and yield in major pear producing areas in China was carried out based on the relevant literatures of matching fertilization in pear trees in China. The results showed that the average ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was 1∶0.66∶0.66 in the main producingareas of pear fruit in China, whereasthe average yield was 31.66 t/ha. The average ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the four pear producing areas, i.e., North China, the Yangtze River Basin, Northwest China, and the old Yellow River Channel, were 1∶0.62∶0.79, 1∶0.57∶0.85, 1∶0.81∶0.32 and 1:0.56:0.79, respectively, and the average yields were 42.85 t/ha, 31.58 t/ha, 15.78 t/ha and 38.76 t/ha, respectively. By the yield model, it showed that the contribution degree of each factor to yield was K > P > N, whereas the interaction effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on yield were P×K > N×K > N×P. The contribution degree of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to the yield of pear fruit in four main producing areas of China was K > N > P, P > N > K, K > N > P and N > P > K, respectively, the interaction effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on yield of pear fruit in four main producing areas of China were N×P > N×K > P×K, N×P > N×K > P×K, N×P > N×K > P×K and N×K > P×K > N×P, respectively. The factors that affect the yield of pear trees in various production areas in China are not the same, and the input of fertilizers is also different. The pear production areas in North China, the Yangtze River Basin, and the Yellow River Old Channel focus on nitrogen and potassium input, while the pear production areas in Northwest China focus on nitrogen and phosphorus input, which is related to the conventional fertilization and soil nutrients in each region. Therefore, in the cultivation process of pear trees, the local soil fertility factors should be fully considered, and the matching fertilization can effectively improve the yield of pear trees.

[中图分类号]

S661.2

[基金项目]

塔里木大学校长基金创新团队项目(TDZKCX202301)；塔里木大学研究生科研创新项目(TDGRI202221)。