光遗传学工具在神经系统疾病和运动中的应用研究
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光遗传学工具在神经系统疾病和运动中的应用研究
Application of Optogenetic Tools in Neurological Disorders and Physical Exercise
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摘要
光遗传学是神经科学的一种研究方法, 能够对神经元进行单细胞和毫秒的精确控制。体育涉及身体运动和健康, 以其方便、无创、无副作用的特点, 为维持和提升健康提供了自然而有效的方式。近年来, 光遗传学技术因其高时空分辨率、非侵入性、可逆性、特异性、广泛适用性和实验灵活性等优势, 为生物学研究提供了强大的工具, 促进了细胞和生物体系中复杂生物学过程的深入理解。与传统的药物治疗和手术干预相比, 体育运动是一种被广泛接受的无创干预方式, 为治疗和康复提供了有效途径。将光遗传学技术应用于体育领域, 在改善神经系统疾病、提升运动表现、促进康复过程和增强身体控制等方面具有独特优势。本综述主要介绍了光遗传学工具在研究和治疗神经系统疾病、恢复和提高运动能力方面的应用, 并对其未来发展前景进行了展望。
Abstract
Optogenetics is a biologic technique used in neuroscience that allows for precise control of neu-rons at the single-cell and millisecond level. Sports, involving physical exercise and health care, offer a natu-ral and effective way to maintain and improve health conveniently, without invasion and side-effects. In re-cent years, optogenetic techniques have provided powerful tools for biological research due to their high spa-tiotemporal resolution, non-invasiveness, reversibility, specificity, wide applicability, and experimental flexi-bility, facilitating a deeper understanding of complex biological processes in cells and biological systems. Compared with traditional drug treatment and surgical intervention, physical exercise is a widely accepted non-invasive intervention method for treatment and rehabilitation. The application of optogenetic techniques in the field of sports has now played unique roles in coping with neurological diseases, enhancing athletic performance, promoting rehabilitation processes, and improving body control. This review primarily introduces the application of optogenetic tools in the research and treatment of neurological diseases and in the reco-very and enhancement of athletic abilities, and provides prospects of their future development.
关键词
光遗传学 /光敏蛋白质 /神经系统疾病 /体育运动 /运动康复{{custom_keyword}} /
Key words
optogenetics /photosensitive protein /neurological disorder /physical exercise /exercise rehabili-tation{{custom_keyword}} /
郑益坤, 林理涵, 郑 婕, 胡国鹏.光遗传学工具在神经系统疾病和运动中的应用研究[J]. 生命科学研究, 2024, 28(5): 402-408 https://doi.org/10.16605/j.cnki.1007-7847.2024.02.0124
ZHENG Yikun, LIN Lihan, ZHENG Jie, HU Guopeng.Application of Optogenetic Tools in Neurological Disorders and Physical Exercise[J]. Life Science Research, 2024, 28(5): 402-408 https://doi.org/10.16605/j.cnki.1007-7847.2024.02.0124
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脚注
{{custom_fn.content}}基金
福建省自然科学基金项目(2020J01087); 国家体育总局项目(20172ZB064)
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