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植物响应缺磷胁迫的分子机制研究进展

花匠小妙招
2024-11-30 20:24

摘要图/表参考文献相关文章 Metrics摘要：

磷是植物生长发育必需的大量营养元素之一。土壤中的磷主要以无机磷酸盐（inorganic phosphate, Pi）的形式被植物吸收。然而，土壤中的Pi易被固定，有效性较低。因此，研究植物响应缺Pi胁迫的分子机制对于提高作物磷素的有效利用具有重要意义。近20年来，植物缺Pi响应调控机制的研究取得了突破性进展。本文对近年来国内外研究进展进行了系统性的综述，包括植物局部缺Pi胁迫响应信号介导的根构型改变，以缺Pi响应因子PHR（PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE）-SPX（SYG1/Pho81/XPR1）为中心的植物系统性缺Pi响应信号网络的调控机制，缺Pi条件下水稻丛枝菌根真菌共生的分子机制，植物对磷素从根际到地上部的运输和分配机制，以及植物叶片向籽粒转运磷素的再分配与再利用机制等。最后，我们对今后缺Pi胁迫响应分子机制的研究方向进行了探讨。该综述通过对已有研究成果的总结和对未来研究方向的展望，以期为植物缺Pi胁迫响应分子机制研究和作物磷高效改良提供科学参考。

关键词：缺磷胁迫; 水稻; 拟南芥; 分子调控机制; 磷高效利用 Abstract:

Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential macronutrients for plant growth and development. Plants absorb phosphorus from the soil mainly in the form of inorganic phosphate (Pi). However, Pi in the soil is easily fixed, and its availability is low. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the molecular mechanisms of Pi starvation response (PSR) for improving the effective utilization of P in crops. In the past 20 years, great progress has been made in the study of the regulatory mechanisms of plant responses to Pi deficiency. Here, we systematically reviewed the research progress achieved in recent years both domestically and internationally, including local PSR signaling-mediated alteration of root morphogenesis, the PHR (PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE)-SPX (SYG1/Pho81/XPR1)-centered systemic PSR signaling network, the molecular mechanism of the symbiosis of rice arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under Pi stress conditions, the transportation and allocation of Pi from rhizospheres to shoots, and the relocation and reuse of Pi from leaves to seeds. Finally, we discussed the future research priorities on the molecular mechanisms of PSR. This review summarizes current results and looks forward to future research directions to facilitate the study of PSR in plants and the improvements of Pi utilization efficiency in crops.

Key words:inorganic phosphate (Pi) starvation stress rice arabidopsis molecular regulatory mechanism high Pi utilization efficiency收稿日期: 2023-10-31出版日期: 2024-07-01基金资助: 国家重点研发计划重点专项(2021YFF1000402)通讯作者:王智烨 E-mail: 21807007@zju.edu.cn;wangzhiye1@zju.edu.cn作者简介: 刘荣（https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5473-2694），E-mail：21807007@zju.edu.cn|王智烨，浙江大学生命科学学院“百人计划”研究员，植物抗逆高效全国重点实验室主要研究者（principal investigator， PI），博士生导师，浙江省杰出青年科学基金获得者。2013年毕业于浙江大学植物生理学与生物化学国家重点实验室，获植物学博士学位；之后在美国得克萨斯农工大学生物化学与生物物理学院从事博士后研究；2019年至今，任职于浙江大学生命科学学院并独立领导课题组开展科学研究，主要从事植物养分抗逆和RNA结构功能研究。主持和参与多项国家及浙江省自然科学基金、科技部重点专项等，以第一或通信作者（含共同）在Nature、Nature Plants、Nature Communications、PNAS、Science China-Life Sciences等期刊上发表多篇研究论文和综述。1 PAZ-ARES J, PUGA M I, ROJAS-TRIANA M, et al. Plant adaptation to low phosphorus availability: core signaling, crosstalks, and applied implications[J]. Molecular Plant, 2022, 15(1): 104-124. DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.12.005
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